摘要
基于农户行为理论构建农户心理认知、农户城市融入、农户乡土依恋等6个特征元素的11个变量,探讨多重脆弱易地扶贫搬迁地区农户宅基地退出行为及影响因素.以贵州省威宁县323份未搬迁和409份已搬迁农户样本的问卷调查数据,利用Logistic模型对农户宅基地退出行为的影响因素进行了实证分析.结果表明:农户家庭成员务工年数、文化程度、农地坡度、退出宅基地有利于自身和家庭的发展的心理认知、城市融入对宅基地退出具有显著的正向影响;乡土依恋对宅基地退出具有显著的负向影响;户籍人口数、年龄、退出宅基地会提高家庭收入水平的心理认知影响不显著.针对研究结果,在宅基地退出过程以及搬迁农户后续的防止返贫致贫工作中,政府应进行政策引导和解读,注重发展产业、提高农户的可持续生计水平,因地制宜制定政策、加强政策宣传引导,让"农户"变"市民"、实现城乡融合发展;从而降低农户对于搬迁的心理认知风险、乡土依恋程度以及提高农户城市融入契合度.
Abstract
Based on the theory of farmer behavior,11 variables of 6 characteristic elements,including farmer urban integration and farmer native attachment,were constructed to explore farmers'homestead withdrawal behavior and influencing factors in multi-vulnera-ble and inhospitable poverty alleviation relocation areas.Based on the questionnaire survey data of 323 non-relocated farmers and 409 relocated farmers in Weining County,Guizhou Province,this paper empirically analyzed the influencing factors of rural households'homestead withdrawal behavior by using Logistic model.In the analysis of influencing factors,the number of years of working in rural households,educational level,agricultural land slope,psychological cognition of withdrawal from homestead was beneficial to their own and family development,and urban integration had significant positive effects on homestead withdrawal.Rural attachment had a signifi-cant negative effect on homestead withdrawal.The number of registered population,age and withdrawal from homestead had no signifi-cant effect on the psychological cognition of raising the level of family income.According to the research results,the government should conduct policy guidance and interpretation in the process of homestead withdrawal and the subsequent work of preventing farmers from returning to poverty,pay attention to the development of industries,improve the sustainable livelihood level of farmers,formulate policies according to local conditions,strengthen policy publicity and guidance,so as to transform"farmers"into"citizens"and realize the in-tegrated development of urban and rural areas.Therefore,it could reduce the psychological cognitive risk of farmers for relocation,the degree of rural attachment and improve the fit degree of farmers'urban integration.
万方数据