Spatial-temporal differences and obstacles diagnosis of urban eco-efficiency from the perspective of human well-being——A case study of Heilongjiang Province
Based on the panel data of prefecture-level cities in Heilongjiang Province from 2010 to 2019,this paper constructed the indicator system of urban eco-efficiency from the perspective of human well-being.Utilizing the non-expectation Super-SBM model and Malmquist index,this paper revealed the characteristics of the spatial and temporal differences in eco-efficiency and drivers of dynamic changes of the 12 prefecture-level cities in Heilongjiang Province,and using the barrier degree model to identify the key factors hindering the improvement of urban eco-efficiency in Heilongjiang.The results showed that:①The overall level of eco-effi-ciency in the 12 prefecture-level cities of Heilongjiang Province increased slowly,with an average annual growth rate of 1.313％.②High value continuous distribution characterized the spatial distribution,which progressively forms two high-efficiency urban belts in the central and western and eastern regions.③Pure technological efficiency and technological progress were the main driving factors for promoting their total factor productivity,with the average change index of 1.070 and 1.035,respectively.④ The main obstacles to the urban eco-efficiency were the whole society's fixed assets investment,the actual gross regional product and the whole society's elec-tricity consumption,while human welfare had relatively less obstacles to the ecological efficiency.As a result,this paper proposed recom-mendations to enhance urban eco-efficiency in terms of coordinated regional development,identifying driving paths,and accelerating urban green transformation.
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