Huangdi Neijing(《黄帝内经》)records that"Heat is in the sky,fire is in the ground",indicating that there is difference between"fire"and"heat".Because"fire"and"heat"have consistency in some aspects,"fire"has the warm characteristics of"heat",and the pathogenic characteristics of"fire"are mostly excessive heat syndrome,some modern doctors often combine"fire"and"heat",making more blurred boundary between the two."Fire"and"heat"are different in essence,"fire"is the property of material and one of Yinyang(阴 阳)and five elements,with the characteristics of'inflammation",while"heat"is a self-perception,which is not material."Fire"is tangible flame and it is limited,"heat"is invisible and diffuse.In terms of etiology and pathogenesis,the two are roughly the same,there is a saying that"fire is the pole of heat,heat is the gradual development of fire".The pathogenic characteristics of"fire"and"heat"are Yang(阳)flourishing.The method of clearing heat is the"correct treatment"of fire heat diseases.In these respects,the two are consistent.But some"heat"is not"fire",such as external cold evil caused by strong heat is hot but not fire,and it is"fire"only on the basis of strong heat,at the same time,it shows the crimson tongue,dry mouth,rough moss,delirium and other symptoms of the fire.Some"fire"is not"heat",such as what is called"Yin(阴)fire"by LI Gao,it is produced on the basis of Qi(气)deficiency of stagnant fire,another form of Yin fire is"There are abundant interior Yin fire,which prevents exterior Yang and the fire does not return to its origin".The fire of dragon thunder is caused by the deficiency of kidney Yin and the failure of Yin to collect Yang.These are"fire"but not"heat".Therefore,to interprete"fire"and"heat"correctly and to distinguish their essential difference will help to have a clear understanding of the disease,and in the course of treatment,only an accurate grasp of the etiology and pathogenesis can lead to correct treatment.
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