Discussion on the relationship between exosomes and knee osteoarthritis from"liver and kidney deficiency"
Knee osteoarthritis is a common clinical disease of the elderly,which is characterized by articular cartilage degener-ation,synovial inflammation,bone hyperplasia and subchondral osteosclerosis.Clinical treatment is mainly to relieve symptoms and delay progress.Current treatments cannot stop or reverse the progression of the disease,and end-stage patients often face knee replacement surgery,therefore,there is an urgent need to develop effective therapies for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.Exo-somes are specialized extracellular vesicles containing various components of their source cell,including complex signaling molecules such as lipids,proteins,metabolites,nucleic acids,and cytoplasmic and cell surface proteins.Various exosomes in the knee are involved in the initiation and progression of joint inflammation by mediating intercellular communication.By injecting bioengineered exosomes or modified natural cellular exosomes into the joint cavity,specific signaling molecules can be delivered to various tissues in the knee cavity to regulate the intra-articular microenvironment and related cell functions,which is a new way to target the treatment of knee osteoarthri-tis.Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history in the understanding of knee osteoarthritis,and believes that the kidney is the main bone and the liver is the main tendon,and if the liver and kidney are deficient,the tendons and bones will not function normally,"liver and kidney deficiency"theory fundamentally elaborates the pathogenesis and treatment principle of knee osteoarthritis.Based on the Chinese medicine concept that the liver and kidney have the same origin and the essence and blood are bom from each other,and the high similarity with the characteristics of"essence"in Chinese medicine theory,this paper attributes the attribution of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,one of the main sources of exosomes,to the category of"essence"in TCM,and objectively and quantitatively reveals the theoretical meaning of"liver and kidney deficiency",which may provide new research ideas for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with TCM.
ExosomesKnee osteoarthritisLiver and kidney deficiency
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