The Rise of Local Anthropology in Malaysia:From Colonialism,Nationalism to Regionalism
The rise of local anthropology in Malaysia exemplifies the pursuit of cultural self-consciousness by local intellectuals in Global South.The study of the Malay Peninsula during the British colonial period served the needs of colonial officials in establishing the legitimacy of their governance,while also formulating a colonial classification system for comprehending the Malay ethnic group,culture,and history.After Malaysia gained independence,the discipline of anthropology was established in response to the country's urgent needs during the ethnic conflicts.Subsequently,local anthropologists actively participated in national development projects and public education during the implementation of new economic policy,which contributed to the academic character of local anthropology as"fruit of modernization".Since the 1990s,Malaysian anthropologists have actively sought their own subjectivity within the global knowledge production pattern,interpreting and exploring the unique value of the"Malay world"as a regional concept.They strived to transcend the"knowledge blocks"chiseled by colonial knowledge and based on nation-state units.Malaysian local anthropology constantly seeks the process of self-positioning and self-transcendence,which provides a useful reference for us to understand the construction of independent knowledge system in the Global South.
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