The Rise,Characteristics and Challenges of Local Modernization in Latin America
In the early 19th century,after getting rid of Spanish colonial rule and achieving national independence,Latin American political elites continued to initiate modernization reforms following the West,which divided into two stages,i.e.,political modernization in the 19th century and economic modernization in the 20th century.But this reform which lasted for over two hundred years have not promoted the development of Latin American society.After the 1960s,dependency theory revealed the history and reality of Western dominance over Latin America,and deconstructed the universality and legitimacy of the West-centered"modernization".Anthropological research inherited the critical claims of dependency theory,reconstructed the multiple aspects of modernization theory and practice,and recognized the subject status of indigenous people,farmers and other social masses in the modernization process.The proposition of"cultural modernization"based on the mixed culture of Latin American society was also generated.Since the 1990s,the Zapatista National Liberation Movement in Mexico and Andean countries such as Ecuador and Bolivia have initiated local modernization practices that rely on local culture and focus on the masses as the subjects.Local modernization in Latin America faces many challenges such as balancing the promotion of local civilization with the development of modernization,whether cultural modernization can promote political and economic reform,and the continued resistance of global capital and ruling elites.In the current era of profound changes unseen in a century,we should enhance communications and mutual learning between Chinese and Latin American civilizations,enrich the connotation of Chinese-style modernization and Latin American local modernization,promote the renewal of the modernization theoretical system,and lay a solid foundation for global development and global security.
Latin Americalocal modernizationsymbiotic consensuspositive society
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
