拖雷替窝阔台死与周公欲代武王死——《蒙古秘史》第272节再研究
The Death of Tolui for Ogedei and the Potential Death of Duke of Zhou For King Wu:Restudy on Chapter 272 of The Secret History of Mongolia
陈岗龙1
作者信息
- 1. 北京大学东方文学研究中心,北京 100871
- 折叠
摘要
《蒙古秘史》和《史集》《元史》等中外史籍都记载了"拖雷替窝阔台死"的事件,并有学者根据这些文献记载认为拖雷之死是蒙古帝国分裂的标志和原因.其中,《蒙古秘史》第272节是记载拖雷之死的原因和过程的最详细的历史文献,其事一直被当作真实的历史事件看待.但是,如果把《蒙古秘史》第272节的记载当作一个历史书写语境中的叙事文本,并与蒙古文和藏文各种史籍中的不同记载再做详细的文本分析和传说类型比较,就会发现《蒙古秘史》里的"拖雷替窝阔台死"可能不是真实的历史记载,而是假借历史传说而创作的文本,其目的是为了证明拖雷对窝阔台的忠诚.而"周公祷代武王死"的故事为这个文本提供了原型,这正是《蒙古秘史》多元文化特征的体现.
Abstract
Various Chinese and foreign historical records such as The Secret History of Mongolia,History of Yuan Dynasty have recorded the event of"death of Tolui for Ogedei",and some scholars believe that the death of Tolui marked and caused the division of the Mongol Empire.Among them,Chapter 272 of The Secret History of Mongolia is the most detailed historical document about the cause and process of the death of Tolui,and it has always been regarded as a real historical event.However,if comparing the record of Chapter 272 as a narrative text of historical writing context with different records from Mongolian and Tibetan historical texts in text analysis and legendary type,we will find in the death of Tolui for Ogedei may not be real historical records.It might be a text created under the guise of historical legends to prove Tolui's loyalty to Ogedei.The story of"Duke of Zhou praying for his death instead of King Wu"provides the prototype for this text,which is the embodiment of the multicultural characteristics of The Secret History of Mongolia.
关键词
拖雷之死/周公欲代武王死/《蒙古秘史》Key words
the death of Tolui/Duke of Zhou's willingness for death instead of King Wu/The Secret History of Mongolia引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金社科学术社团主题学术活动资助课题(23STA010)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据