The Formation and Operation of Grassland Property Rights System under the Collective Sharing Mode:A Case Study of a Pastoral Village on the Eastern Edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
In the mode of common use of pasture,the collective as a resource using unit will encounter two basic problems:one is the"high exclusive cost"of pasture;the other is the internal"negative externalities".These two challenges must be addressed if the collective is to utilize pasture resources in a stable and sustainable way.Through field researches,this paper takes the collective sharing mode of grassland in a pastoral village on the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a case study,while examines the basic logic and operation form of the grassland property rights system in this mode.It is found that due to the"high exclusive cost"of grassland and the"negative externality"of the collective in its use,the basic formation logic of the grassland property right system is to form an effective behavior of external property right protection and internal property right definition.Under this logic,the herdsmen in the case village have established an institutionalized organizational structure,invested significant amount of labor,financial resources and time cost,launched an effective grassland property rights protection and property rights definition,and formed a stable and systematic system of external exclusion and internal coordination in the process.Based on the in-depth description of the grassland property rights system in this mode,the article also attempts to refine the micro property rights theory contained in it.
collective sharing modegrassland property rights systemexclusive systeminternal coordination system
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