A large number of proto-porcelain artifacts have been unearthed from Han dynasty tombs in the Yangzhou area,which is believed to have originated from the core region of Yue culture in Zhejiang through waterborne trade.These artifacts are intermediate between the proto-porcelain of the Shang and Zhou periods and the mature porcelain.The craftsmanship quality of proto-porcelain varied between the Western Han and early Eastern Han periods.In the early Western Han period,the craftsmanship was relatively high,and the tomb owners who were buried with proto-porcelain were of higher status.During the mid to late Western Han period,particularly in the late Western Han,the development of proto-porcelain reached its peak in terms of quantity and scale,but the craftsmanship quality dropped to its lowest point.Most artifacts from this period have coarse,loose bodies with poor clay-glaze adhesion and severe glaze peeling,with some pieces retaining only traces of glaze.The uniformity of shapes was relatively poor,and firing deformations were common.Only a few artifacts from this period were of relatively good craftsmanship.The social status of the tomb owners ranged from nobility to commoners,corresponding to the quality of the proto-porcelain.There was little change in the early Eastern Han period.The differences in craftsmanship quality of proto-porcelain artifacts from Han dynasty tombs in this area are attributed to factors such as the social context,natural resources,technological conditions,and the social status of the tomb owners.
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