The existing stele of Tangwu Gong,a Centurion of the Military and Civil Ten Thousand Household Office of the Grand Yuan Dynasty,located in Puyang County,Henan Province,records the migration of the Tangwulu Ma family,descendants of Western Xia,to the Central Plains,detailing their family lineage,official experiences,marital relations,and offspring.The inscription notes that during the reign of Kublai Khan,Tangwulu Ma followed the Yuan army in battles,registered as a military household,and settled in Puyang while also undertaking military tasks related to garrison farming.After migrating to the Central Plains,the Tangwu Gong family was influenced by Central Plains Han culture,leading to the Sinicization of their production methods and customs.The family actively embraced Confucian culture,participated in the construction of academies,and promoted rural education,clearly demonstrating cultural and national identity.The Tangwu Gong stele provides valuable material for studying the history of Western Xia descendants who migrated to the Central Plains during the Yuan Dynasty and gradually assimilated into Han culture.
Yuan DynastyWestern Xia descendantTangwu Gong steleethnic integration and cultural exchange
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