目的 通过调查煤矿工人职业紧张与生命质量的情况,分析不同工种、工龄煤矿工人职业紧张与生命质量相关性.方法 采用整群抽样的方法,以班组为单位抽取2015年6月-2021年6月陕西省12家煤矿的810名煤矿工人为研究对象,调查煤矿工人基本情况,采用职业紧张量表(occupational stress inventory revised edition,OSI-R)、生命质量量表(36-item short form health survey,SF-36)评价煤矿工人职业紧张及生命质量情况.结果 井下工种(采煤、掘进、井下辅助工)职业紧张得分整体高于地面工种(地面筛分、地面辅助工)(均P＜0.05).井下工种中,掘进工得分最高;地面工种中,地面筛分工得分较高.不同工龄的煤矿工人职业任务特征、个体紧张反应和个体应变能力得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05),其中≥10年工龄组工人职业任务特征[(161.26±24.03)分]和个体紧张反应得分[(99.80±28.26)分]最高,1～＜3年工龄工人个体应变能力得分最高[(129.06±20.78)分].不同工种和工龄煤矿工人生理健康内容、心理健康内容和总体生命质量得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05),其中地面辅助工和1～＜3年工龄组工人得分较高.职业任务特征、个体紧张反应及各子项与生理健康内容、心理健康内容和总体生命质量均呈负相关(均P＜0.01),个体应变能力及各子项与生理健康内容、心理健康内容和总体生命质量均呈正相关(均P＜0.01).结论 井下作业会对煤矿工人职业紧张产生显著影响,并且随着工龄延长职业紧张水平增加;井下作业还会对煤矿工人生命质量产生显著影响.
Correlation analysis of occupational stress and quality of life of coal miners of different types of work and length of service
Objective To investigate the occupational stress and quality of life of coal miners,analyze the correlation between occupational stress and quality of life of coal miners of different types of work and length of service.Methods Using a cluster sampling method,810 coal miners from 12 coal mines in Shaanxi Province from June 2015 to June 2021 were selected as the study subjects by team as a unit to investigate the basic situation of coal miners.The occupational stress inventory revised edition(OSI-R)and 36-item short form health survey(SF-36)were used to evaluate the occupational stress and quality of life of coal miners.Results The overall occupational stress scores of underground workers(coal mining,excavation,underground auxiliary workers)were higher than that of surface workers(ground screening,ground auxiliary workers)(all P＜0.05).Among underground workers,excavation workers scored the highest.Among surface workers,the score of ground screening workerswas relatively high.The differences of score of occupational role questionnaire(ORQ),personal strain questionnaire(PSQ)and personal resources questionnaire(PRQ)among coal mine workers with different length of servicewere statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Among them,the score of ORQ[(161.26±24.03)points]and PSQ[(99.80±28.26)points]among workers with ≥10 years of length of service was the highest,while the score of PRQ[(129.06±20.78)points]among workers with 1-＜3 years of length of service was the highest.The differences of score of physical health components(PHC),mental health components(MHC)and overall quality of life(QOL)among coal mine workers with different type of work and length of service were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Among them,the ground auxiliary workers and workers with 1-＜3 years of length of service scored higher.The ORQ,PSQ and each dimension were negatively correlated with PHC,MHC,and QOL(all P＜0.01),while PRQ and each dimension were positively correlated with PHC,MHC,and QOL(all P＜0.01).Conclusion The underground operation has a significant impact on occupational stress of coal miners,the level of occupational stress increases with the length of service,and underground operation has a significant impact on the quality of life of coal miners.
Coal minersOccupational stressQuality of lifeCorrelation
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