目的 对高海拔地区某露天煤矿职业病危害现状进行调查,评价高海拔地区露天煤矿存在的职业病危害因素种类、危害程度及采取的职业病防护设施(措施)的防护效果,提出相应的防护措施建议.方法 2022年10月,通过职业卫生现场调查法、工程分析法和检验检测等方法对青海省海西州某露天煤矿存在的主要职业病危害因素开展调查.结果 该企业存在的主要职业病危害因素为粉尘(煤尘、矽尘和电焊烟尘)、化学有害因素(硫化氢、氨)和物理因素(噪声、高原低氧、低气压、低温),其中巡检位矽尘时间加权平均浓度(time-weighted average concentration,CTWA)为1.22 mg/m3,判定结果为超标.结论 通过检测数据分析,提出了超标岗位有针对性的防尘、防噪声工程防护设施和制度管理要求,对高海拔地区露天煤矿开采中的职业卫生问题具有一定的指导意义.
Study on occupational hazards in an open-pit coal mine at high altitude
Objective To investigate the current situation of occupational hazards in a certain open-pit coal mine in high-altitude areas,evaluate the types and degrees of occupational hazards in open-pit coal mines in high-altitude areas,and evaluate the protective effects of the occupational disease prevention facilities(measures)adopted,and propose corresponding protective measures and suggestions.Methods In October 2022,a survey was conducted on the main occupational disease hazards in an open-pit coal mine in Haixi Prefecture of Qinghai Province using occupational health on-site investigation,engineering analysis,and inspection and testing.Results The main occupational hazards of the enterprise were dust(coal dust,silicon dust,welding fumes),chemical hazards(hydrogen sulfide,ammonia),and physical factors(noise,high-altitude low oxygen,low pressure,low temperature).The time-weighted average concentration(CTWA)of selenium dust at the inspection site was 1.22 mg/m3,and the judgment result was over standard.Conclusion Bases the analysis of detection data,targeted dust and noise prevention engineering protection facilities and institutional management requirements have been proposed for positions exceeding the standard,which has certain guiding significance for occupational health issues in open-pit coal mining in high-altitude areas.
High altitude areasOpen-pit coal minesOccupational disease hazards
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NSTL
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