Analysis on the prevalence and influencing factors of myopia detection among primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District of Wuhan City from 2019 to 2021
Objective To understand the prevalence and development trend of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District,Wuhan City from 2019 to 2021,and analyze its influencing factors,aiming to provide a scientific basis for formulating targeted intervention measures and prevention and control strategies for myopia among students.Methods A cluster-stratified sampling method was adopted to randomly select 5 schools.For three consecutive years,the eyesight of primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District was examined by the naked eye far-vision test and dynamic refraction test.The detection rate of myopia(short for myopia rate)and its change trend was analyzed.The students above grade four were investigated by questionnaire to explore the main influencing factors of myopia.Results The myopia rate of primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District varied from 2019 to 2021,which was 50.50％,58.22％and 50.57％respectively.The overall myopia rate in the three years was 53.15％,of which the myopia rate of primary school,middle school and high school students was 36.22％,73.80％and 86.19％(x2=601.20,P＜0.01).In 2021,the myopia rate of primary school students was lower than that of the previous two years(x2=34.77,P＜0.01).The overall myopia rate of junior high school students and senior high school students was similar in three years(P＞0.05).The myopia rate of primary school students rose the fastest,and gradually increased with the rise of grade and age.The average myopia growth rate of primary and secondary school students in each grade was 17.82％,and the annual growth rate was 16.77％.The myopia rate of students in primary school,middle school and high school near the graduation grade and the corresponding age stage increased the fastest.The general myopia rate of girls was higher than that of boys(P＜0.05).The univariate analysis found that,in the daily standard eye exercises ≥2 times,the reading and writing sitting posture standard use of eyes was good,the teacher often reminds the attention to reading and writing sitting posture use of eyes,never/occasionally sitting use of electronic screen and lying reading or electronic screen,never/occasionally walking to read or electronic screen,close use of eyes＜30 min rest,daily cumulative duration of outdoor activities in school＞2 h,weekend outdoor moderate intensity activities accumulated 1 h at least one day,the length of sleep＞8 hours per day,myopia of one or both parents and regular visual examination ≥2 times per year,were all protective factors for myopia(all P＜0.01).Conclusions The overall prevalence of myopia in primary and secondary school students in Xinzhou District is high,but there is a significant decline trend in the post-epidemic period.It is urgent to focus on primary and junior high school students for prevention and intervention and to take further comprehensive measures for related influencing factors to prevent students from being myopia,develop myopia later,or worsen myopia more slowly and lightly as much as possible.
MyopiaPrimary and secondary school studentsDevelopment trendInfluencing factorsXinzhou District
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
