Characteristics and trend analysis of noise occupational disease hazards in Jiangbei District of Chongqing City from 2017 to 2021
Objective To understand the status of occupational hazards of noise in Jiangbei District of Chongqing City from 2017 to 2021,analyze its incidence trend,and to provide basis for the development of targeted noise control measures.Methods The data of occupational health examination for noise workers and occupational noise deafness patients in Jiangbei Distric of Chongqing City from 2017 to 2021 were described and analyzed.Chi-square test and correlation analysis of occupational health examination data were carried out by SPSS.Results From 2017 to 2021,56 041 people were exposed to noise in Jiangbei District of Chongqing City,mainly concentrated in manufacturing industry(88.19％),state-owned economy(35.82％),and large enterprises(48.79％).A total of 29 897 noise on-the-job workers were examined,and the detection rate of hearing loss was 6.37％,the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases was 0.22％,and the incidence of occupational diseases was 0.15％.Hearing loss,suspected occupational disease detection rate and occupational disease incidence were the highest in males,people aged 50-＜60 years and people with 15-＜20 years of service.The detection rate increased with increasing age and length of service(both P＜0.01).The average age of occupational disease diagnosis was(47.14±6.44)years,and the average duration of exposure was(10.60±4.56)years.The detection rate of hearing loss was high in manufacturing industry,collective economy and microenterprise.Suspected occupational disease detection and occupational disease incidence were higher in leasing and commercial services,manufacturing industries,state-owned economies,and small enterprises than in other industries.There were significant differences in hearing loss,suspected occupational venereal disease detection rate and occupational disease incidence among workers in different industries,different sizes and economic types of enterprises(all P＜0.01).Conclusions Manufacturing industry,state-owned economy and small private enterprises in Jiangbei District of Chongqing City should be the key focus of noise prevention and control,with noise workers aged 40-＜60 and with more than 10 years of work experience as the key population.Jiangbei District of Chongqing City should strengthen occupational health supervision,standardize occupational health management of enterprises,strengthen the construction of occupational health examination institutions,improve the physical examination rate of occupational health examination,and reduce the under-reporting rate of occupational diseases.
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