Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of occupational pneumoconiosis in Tai'an City from 2006 to 2022
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of occupational pneumoconiosis in Tai'an City from 2006 to 2022,provide scientific evidence for developing prevention and treatment strategies.Methods The data of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis in Tai'an City from 2006 to 2022 were obtained from the"Information Monitoring System for Occupational Diseases and Health Hazards".A descriptive analysis was performed for the distribution characteristics of disease species,diagnosis age,length of dust exposure,region,enterprise economic type,scale,industries and the epidemic trend of pneumoconiosis.Results Totally 1 142 cases of new pneumoconiosis were reported in Tai'an City mainly in stage I(90.37％ ).The top four categories were coal workers'pneumoconiosis(979 cases,85.73％ ),silicosis(78 cases,6.83％ ),electric welder's pneumoconiosis(33 cases,2.89％ )and cast workers'pneumoconiosis(31 cases,2.71％ ),with more males than females.The diagnosis age[M(P25,P75)]was 55(49,66)years old,and cases of diagnosis age ≥55 years old accounted for 51.84％ .The length of dust exposure[M(P25,P75)]was 25.00(17.33,30.00)years,and pneumoconiosis cases of length of dust exposure＜5 years accounted for 1.75％ .The number of pneumoconiosis cases showed a decreasing trend with the years totally,but increasing in some years.The optimal fitting curves of pneumoconiosis,coal workers'pneumoconiosis and electric welder's pneumoconiosis with the years were S-shaped curve,S-shaped curve and cubic curve,and were predicted to be 127,104 and 1 cases respectively from 2023 to 2027.The pneumoconiosis cases were mainly distributed in Feicheng City and Xintai City,with 497 cases(43.52％ )and 433 cases(37.92％ )respectively.The economic type of enterprises reporting pneumoconiosis was mainly state-owned enterprises(75.92％ ),while 60.51％ and 32.05％ pneumoconiosis cases came from large and medium-sized enterprises.From 2014 to 2022,the proportion of state-owned and large-medium-sized enterprises decreased,while that of non-state-owned and small-micro-sized enterprises increased.The coal mining and washing industry reported the largest number of cases,accounting for 81.00％ and its proportion showed a"zigzag"trend of ups and downs from 2006 to 2022.Conclusion The coal workers'pneumoconiosis is the predominant one in Tai'an City.Feicheng county and Xintai county should be listed as the key areas,state-owned enterprises and large-medium-sized enterprises as the key enterprises,coal mining and washing industry as the key industries,with the strengthened supervision of non-state-owned enterprises and small-micro-sized enterprises,to further strengthen the prevention and treatment.
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