Analysis of genetic characteristics of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in Xinjiang from 2022 to 2023
Objective To understand the evolutionary characteristics of hemagglutinin(HA)and neuraminidase(NA)gene of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in Xinjiang from 2022 to 2023,and provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control.Methods Fifteen A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza strains from 15 influenza surveillance network laboratories in Xinjiang were randomly selected for HA and NA gene sequencing,and gene characteristics were analyzed using MEGA X and BioEdit software.Results The nucleotide homology of HA gene and NA gene of 15 strains of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus was 98.1％-98.9％and 98.7％-99.0％,and amino acid homology was 97.3％-98.5％and 99.1％-99.3％,respectively,compared with the WHO recommended vaccine strain A/Victoria/2570/2019.The phylogenetic tree showed that 15 influenza strains were closely related to vaccine strains and belonged to 6B.1A.5a.A total of 16 amino acid mutation sites were involved in the HA gene,of which only 4 sites were involved in the antigen determinant,namely A203T(15/15)in the Ca region,K71Q(15/15)in the Cb region,P154S(4/15)in the Sa region and E189K(3/15)in the Sb region,and the other 12 sites were changes in non-critical sites.A total of 5 amino acid sites were changed in NA gene,all of which did not belong to the central catalytic site and the auxiliary site around the drug resistance site.Conclusion Although there have been some changes in the HA and NA genes of the A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus strain in Xinjiang from 2022 to 2023,the antigenicity of HA and the drug-resistance sites of NA have not undergone critical changes.In the future,it is still necessary to strengthen the monitoring of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus to timely detect the mutant and drug-resistant strains,and provide scientific basis for its effective prevention and control.
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