摘要
目的 探究宜昌市6～12岁儿童超重肥胖流行情况,分析其影响因素.方法 2021年4月—2023年4月,使用分层抽样法抽取宜昌市、区、乡各5所学校的6～12岁儿童,采用自制一般资料问卷开展调查,单因素及多因素logistic回归分析影响6～12岁儿童超重肥胖的因素.结果 本研究发出750份调查问券,有效收回731份,有效回收率为97.47％,其中超重96人,占13.13％,肥胖62例,占8.48％;不同性别、睡眠时间、运动时间、进食速度、每周食用甜点/油炸/饮料等次数、蔬果食用次数及睡前加餐次数的6～12岁儿童超重肥胖率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).多因素logistic回归分析显示,男性、睡眠时间不足、运动时间＜1 h/周、进食速度＜8 min、食用甜点、油炸、饮料≥3次/周、食用蔬果＜3 d/周、睡前加餐≥3 d/周均是影响6～12岁儿童超重肥胖的危险因素(均P＜0.05).结论 宜昌市6～12岁儿童超重肥胖形势较为严峻,性别、睡眠时间、运动时间、饮食习惯是影响宜昌市6～12岁儿童超重肥胖的危险因素,应及时采取措施,督促儿童锻炼,改善饮食习惯,降低超重肥胖率.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children aged 6-12 in Yichang City and analyze its influencing factors.Methods From 2021 to 2023,stratified sampling was used to select 6-12 year old children from 5 schools in Yichang City,District,and Township.A self-made general information questionnaire was used for the survey,and single factor and multiple factor logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the factors affecting overweight and obesity in children aged 6-12 years.Results A total of 750 survey questionnaires were issued in this study,and 731 were effectively collected,with an effective rate of 97.47％.Among them,96 people were overweight(13.13％)and 62 people were obese(8.48％).There were statistically significant differences in the rates of overweight and obesity among children aged 6-12 years old with different gender,sleep time,exercise time,eating speed,weekly consumption of desserts,fried foods,beverages,number of vegetables and fruits consumption,and number of bedtime meals(all P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male,insufficient sleep time,exercise time＜1 hour/week,eating speed＜8 minutes,consumption of desserts,fried foods,and beverages ≥3 times/week,consumption of fruits and vegetables＜3 days/week,and bedtime meals ≥3 days/week were all risk factors for overweight and obesity in children aged 6-12(all P＜0.05).Conclusion The situation of overweight and obesity in children aged 6-12 in Yichang City is relatively severe.Gender,sleep time,exercise time,and dietary habits are risk factors that affect overweight and obesity in children aged 6-12 in Yichang City.Timely measures should be taken to urge children to exercise,improve dietary habits,and reduce the rate of overweight and obesity.
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