Role of TGF-β1/Smad Signaling Pathway in Pulmonary Fibrosis and Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulation:A Review
Pulmonary fibrosis(PF)is a complex and refractory respiratory disease.After diagnosis,PF patients have short survival time and high mortality,and thus PF is called a"tumor-like disease",which seriously endangers human health.The commonly used anti-PF drugs mainly include glucocorticoid,pirfenidone,nintedanib and N-acetylcysteine,but these drugs have many disadvantages such as various adverse reac-tions,high cost and poor efficacy.It has been found that the pathological process of PF is complicated and involves multiple mechanisms,but the exact mechanism remains unclear.Therefore,elucidating the potential mechanism of PF and proposing safe and effective targeted therapies are urgent problems to be solved in clinical treatment of PF.A large number of studies have confirmed that TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the development of PF.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has unique advantages and good prospects in the preven-tion and treatment of PF,among which many single TCMs and their effective ingredients or TCM compounds can regulate TGF-β1/Smad sig-naling pathway in a targeted way.In this paper,the regulatory role of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in PF and the research progress of TCM prevention and treatment of PF via targeting TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in recent 7 years were reviewed,to provide theoretical sup-port for clinical prevention and treatment of PF by TCM.
Pulmonary fibrosisTGF-β1/Smad signaling pathwayTraditional Chinese medicine regulationResearch progress
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