Differential Effects of Shengfu(升浮)Medicine EPHEDRAE HERBA and Chenjiang(沉降)Medicine DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN on Pulmonary Edema Based on GnRH
Objective:To investigate the differential effects of Shengfu(升浮)medicine EPHEDRAE HERBA and Chenjiang(沉降)medicine DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN in the intervention of pulmonary edema based on gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)to pro-vide new insights into the property of Shengfu medicines and Chenjiang medicines.Methods:Fifty-six male SD rats were selected,and a pul-monary edema model was established by injecting 1％carrageenan(2 mL/kg)into the pleural cavity.Various parameters related to pulmona-ry edema[pleural effusion volume,lung wet-to-dry weight ratio,lung water content,and lung permeability index(LPI)],GnRH-related indi-cators(GnRH,luteinizing hormone,and testosterone levels),and indicators related to five major systems closely related to the Qi(气)move-ment in the body(respiratory system,central nervous system,circulatory system,digestive system,and urinary system)were measured to as-sess the differential effects of EPHEDRAE HERBA and DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN on pulmonary edema.Results:Compared with the normal control group,the model control group showed significantly increased pleural effusion volume,lung water content,and LPI,a-long with congestion and edema of the airway mucosa,reduced apnea latency,increased apnea frequency(P＜0.01),elevated apoptotic cells and reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in lung tissue(P＜0.01),increased levels of IL-4 and IgE in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),decreased level of IFN-γ(P＜0.01),reduced sweat and urine output(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),reduced intestinal transit rate,in-creased gastric residue rate(P＜0.01),shortened sleep time(P＜0.01),reduced stroke volume,fractional shortening,ejection fraction,and cardiac output(P＜0.01),and increased blood pressure(P＜0.01).Both EPHEDRAE HERBA and DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SE-MEN significantly inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells and goblet cell proliferation and reduced collagen and extracellular matrix deposition.DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN significantly decreased pleural effusion volume,lung water content,and LPI(P＜0.01),while EPHEDRAE HERBA reduced LPI to some extent(P＜0.01).Regarding GnRH-related indicators,EPHEDRAE HERBA signif-icantly increased GnRH and testosterone levels in rats with pulmonary edema(P＜0.01),while DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN had no effect on GnRH-related indicators.In terms of the respiratory system,DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN had a better antitus-sive and antiasthmatic effect than EPHEDRAE HERBA.Both EPHEDRAE HERBA and DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN reduced cough frequency,increased cough latency in rats,reduced apoptosis levels in lung tissue(P＜0.01),and reduced the levels of IL-4 and IgE in BALF(P＜0.01).Additionally,DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN with its Chenjiang property,could reduce the level of ROS in lung tissue(P＜0.01)and increase the level of IFN-γ(P＜0.01).For the urinary system,EPHEDRAE HERBA by virtue of Shengfu proper-ty,significantly increased sweat spots and promoted lung Qi(P＜0.01)without significantly affecting urine output,while DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN significantly increased urine output and purged lung Qi(P＜0.01)without significantly affecting sweating.For the digestive system,DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN increased intestinal transit rate,inhibited gastric residue(P＜0.05),and promo-ted gastric emptying,whereas EPHEDRAE HERBA had a certain degree of inhibitory effect on intestinal transit rate.For the central nervous system,DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN significantly reduced the activity frequency of rats and prolonged sleep time(P＜0.01),while EPHEDRAE HERBA increased activity frequency to some extent and shortened sleep time.Regarding the circulatory system,DE-SCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN had a protective effect on heart function,significantly increasing stroke volume,fractional shortening,ejection fraction,and cardiac output(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05)and reducing blood pressure in rats with pulmonary edema(P＜0.01).EPHED-RAE HERBA significantly increased stroke volume and fractional shortening(P＜0.01)and increased renal blood flow(P＜0.01).After the administration of the GnRH antagonist Cetrorelix,the improvement effect of EPHEDRAE HERBA disappeared(P＜0.01),while the effect of DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN remained unaffected.Conclusion:DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN improves pulmo-nary edema through Xieshuizhuyin(泻水逐饮)and Cufeisujiang(促肺肃降),which reflects its Chenjiang property,and its action is not in-fluenced by GnRH,indicating that the Chenjiang property of DESCURAINIAE SEMEN LEPIDII SEMEN is unrelated to GnRH.EPHEDRAE HERBA can improve cough and asthma symptoms of pulmonary edema,which may be related to Xuanfeipingchuan(宣肺平喘),reflecting its Shengfu property.Its effect is antagonized by GnRH,indicating a relationship between the Shengfu property of EPHEDRAE HERBA and Gn-RH.
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