Research Advances in Intestinal Microbiota Based on Metagenomics
The intestinal microbiota,consisting of billions of microorganisms,plays a crucial role in maintaining human physiological functions,par-ticipating in nutrient absorption,and regulating human health.The application of metagenomics in the research on intestinal microbiota can be traced back to the late 20th and early 21st centuries,focusing on comparing the microbial composition among different populations.Early stud-ies in this field primarily employ 16S rRNA gene sequencing to reveal the composition,diversity,and functions of intestinal microbiota.How-ever,this approach cannot accurately distinguish microbial subspecies and strains.The recent studies based on metagenomics can rapidly and accurately obtain the genetic information of intestinal microbiota and explore their diversity,metabolic functions,and interactions with hosts.This article introduces the application of metagenomics in the research on intestinal microbiota,aiming to provide references for in-depth stud-ies of intestinal microbiota in the fields of medicine and pharmacy.
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