Effect and Mechanism of Shenqi (参芪) Granules in Preventing Acute Lung Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Mice
Objective:To observe the effect and possible mechanism of Shenqi (参芪) granules in preventing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury in mice.Methods:RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with 100 μg/mL LPS for 6 h for the modeling of cellular inflamma-tion.Cells were randomized into normal control,model control,dexamethasone (20 μg/mL),and Shenqi granules (32.5,65,and 130 μg/mL) groups.The cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential (JC-1) were measured by the CCK-8 assay and flow cytome-try,respectively.C57BL/6 mice were randomized into normal control,model control,Shenqi granules (28,14,and 7 g/kg),and dexametha-sone (50 mg/kg) groups.After 7 days of administration with corresponding drugs or normal saline once a day,other groups except the normal control group were subjected to intratracheal instillation of 20 mg/kg LPS for the modeling of acute lung injury in mice.After 24 h,the wet-dry weight (W/D) ratio of mouse lungs was calculated to evaluate lung edema.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to deter-mine the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL-6),interleukin-1β (IL-1β),and nitric oxide (NO) in the bronchoal-veolar lavage fluid and serum.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological damage in the lung tissue.Flow cytometry was employed to determine the percentages of T and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and the natural killer (NK) cells in the splenic tissue.Results:Compared with the normal control group,the model control group showed polygonal irregular growth,protrusions,increased survival rate,and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential of RAW264.7 cells (P<0.01).Compared with the model control group,Shenqi gran-ules (65,and 130 μg/mL) increased the mitochondrial membrane potential of RAW264.7 cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and attenuated the cell viability increase caused by LPS.Compared with the normal control group,the model control of mice presented increased lung injury scores,endobronchial inflammatory cell infiltration,and interstitial fibroplasia.The modeling decreased the W/D ratio of the lung tissue,rose the percentages of CD3+T cells,CD3+CD4+T cells,and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and NK cells in the spleen,and elevated the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and NO in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with the model group,Shenqi granules (28 g/kg) reduced the lung injury score,alleviated lung edema,increased the percentages of CD3+T cells and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and NK cells in the spleen,and lowered the levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and NO in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.Conclusion:Shenqi granules can mitigate the LPS-induced viability increase and ameliorate the pathological changes in the lung tissue by regulating the mitochondrial function and inhibiting the macrophage polarization toward the M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype to attenu-ate inflammation.
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