Comparison on the Medicinal Properties of Xiyangshen (西洋参)before and after Long-term Processing
Objective:To determine the long-term processing time of Xiyangshen (西洋参) and explain the changes in its medicinal property.Methods:Xiyangshen samples were processed for different time periods (0-48 h).UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap/MS was employed to analyze the gin-senosides in the long-term processed samples,and the clustering analysis in SPSS was performed to determine the long-term processing time of Xiyangshen.Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was conducted to screen out the main differential ginsenosides in Xiyangshen before and after long-term processing.For comparison of medicinal properties,SD male rats were assigned into groups of normal control,Ganjiang (干姜,5 g/kg,heat medicinal control),Shengdi (生地,5 g/kg,cold medicinal control),and Xiyangshen before and after long-term processing (1 g/kg) and administrated with corresponding drugs or distilled water by gavage daily for 14 consecutive days.The body weight,anal temperature,average food intake,and average water consumption of rats in each group were recorded.The serum levels of adenylate kinase (ADK),phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCK),norepinephrine (NE),hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL),and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The entropy weight method was employed to cal-culate the comprehensive score of medicinal properties,on the basis of which the medicinal properties of Xiyangshen and its long-term pro-cessed products were compared.Furthermore,the correlations between ginsenosides and the heat or cold property of Xiyangshen after long-term processing were explored.Results:The time for long-term processing of Xiyangshen was 15 h.Ten differential ginsenosides were identi-fied in Xiyangshen before and after long-term processing,which were Rg3 (S),Rg4,Rg3 (R),Re,Rg5,m-Rb1,Rk1,Rg6,Rg1,and m-Rd.The body weight,average food intake,average water consumption,and anal temperature of the rats in the long-term processed Xiyangshen group reached the levels in the normal control group.The levels of NE,PEPCK,and ADK in the long-term processed Xiyangshen group were higher than those in the Xiyangshen group (P<0.01).The comprehensive scores of medicinal properties were 0.2827,0.3569,0.0463,0.0807,and 0.2333 in the normal control,Ganjiang,Shengdi,Xiyangshen,and long-term processed Xiyangshen groups,respectively.The change in the medicinal property of Xiyangshen after long-term processing may be related to the increases in Rg3 (S),Rg4,Rg3 (R),Rg5,Rk1,and Rg6 and the decreases in Re,m-Rb1,Rg1,and m-Rd.Conclusion:The long-term processing time of Xiyangshen should be no less than 15 h,and the medicinal property may be changed from cool to plain.
Xiyangshen (西洋参)Long-term processing of XiyangshenEntropy weight methodComparison of drug propertiesADKPEPCKNE
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