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数字技术对能源效率的影响:对外直接投资和虚拟集聚的作用

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提高能源效率是实现"双碳"目标的关键.以大数据、人工智能、物联网和新一代移动互联网为特征的数字经济已悄然渗入经济社会方方面面,深刻改变着人类的生产和生活方式.数字技术拥有提高全球能源系统安全性、生产性、效率和可持续性的巨大潜力.文章基于 2006-2021 年中国大陆 30 个省份的面板数据,将能源效率划分为全要素能源效率和单要素能源效率,运用双向固定效应模型和 Driscoll-Kraay 方法调整标准误检验了以工业机器人为表征的数字技术对能源效率的影响及其路径机制.研究表明,数字技术可以显著提高全要素能源效率和降低单位 GDP 能耗强度,在使用广义可行最小二乘法(FGLS)、双重差分法和固定效应空间杜宾模型(SDM)的方法进行稳健性检验后,该结论依然成立.机制检验的结果表明,数字技术可以通过提高产业虚拟集聚度和增加对外直接投资的渠道机制提高能源效率.文章是在数字经济时代背景下,对信息技术进步如何提高能源效率的有益探讨,所得结论有助于相关市场主体制定政策措施和公司战略提高能源效率,同时还深化了数字技术影响能源消费的理论认识和机制路径.
Assessing the Impact of Digital Technologies on Energy Efficiency:The Role of OFDI and Virtual Agglomeration
Improving energy efficiency is crucial for achieving the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.The digital economy,which is characterized by big data,artificial intelligence,the internet of things,and a new genera-tion of mobile Internet,has quietly penetrated all aspects of the economy and society,profoundly changing the means of production and lives of human beings.Digital technologies have great potential to improve the global energy system's security,productivity,efficiency,and sustainability.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in mainland China from 2006 to 2021,this study divided energy efficiency into total and single factor energy efficiency.The two-way fixed-effect model and the Driscol-Kraay method were used to adjust the standard error test in order to examine the impact of digital technology represented by industrial robots on energy efficiency and its path mecha-nism.Studies have shown that digital technology can significantly improve total factor energy efficiency and reduce energy intensity per unit of GDP.This conclusion was found to be still valid after the robustness test using feasible generalized least squares,time-varying difference in difference and fixed effect space Durbin model.The results of the mechanism test show that digital technology can improve energy efficiency by increasing the degree of indus-trial virtual agglomeration and the channels of foreign direct investment.This paper provides a valuable discussion on how information technology advances can improve energy efficiency in the era of the digital economy.The con-clusions will help relevant market players to formulate policies and measures and corporate strategies to improve energy efficiency.At the same time,it also deepens the theoretical understanding and mechanism path of digital technology's impact on energy consumption.

total-factor energy efficiencysingle-factor energy efficiencyindustrial robotvirtual agglomerationoutward foreign direct investment(OFDI)reverse technology spillover

沈洋、韩孟雨、张秀武

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华侨大学数量经济研究院,福建厦门 361021

华侨大学统计学院,福建厦门 361021

全要素能源效率 单要素能源效率 工业机器人 碳中和 虚拟集聚 OFDI 逆向技术溢出

福建省自然科学基金国家杰出青年科学基金

2022J0132072103067

2024

10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2024.01.010

资源与生态学报(英文版)
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

资源与生态学报(英文版)

CSTPCD
影响因子：0.388
ISSN：1674-764X
年,卷(期)：2024.15(1)
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