蒙古高原湖滨带湿地动态演变及驱动力分析
Dynamic Evolution and Driving Forces of the Changes in Lakeside Wetlands in the Mongolian Plateau
温云浩 1王雪铭 1刘华民 2于洪波 3牛峰 3方海涛 3温璐 2卓义 2付瑞英 2白杨 2肖博文 2王立新2
作者信息
- 1. 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特 010021
- 2. 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特 010021;草原生态安全协同创新中心(由教育部和内蒙古自治区共同支持),呼和浩特 010021;蒙古高原生态与资源利用教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特 010021
- 3. 内蒙古林业和草原局监测规划院,呼和浩特 010021
- 折叠
摘要
气候急剧变化和人类干扰使蒙古高原湿地遭受严重破坏和萎缩,对环境发展提出严峻挑战.本文基于遥感影像和DEM数据,建立了 2000 年、2010 年和 2020 年三个时期蒙古高原湖滨带湿地数据集,通过时空分析,研究了蒙古高原湖滨带湿地动态演变情况,结果如下:2000年蒙古高原湖泊(>1 km²)共有564 个,总面积约为55216.47 km²;与2000年相比,2010 年湖泊面积显著减少,木本沼泽显著增加,草本沼泽减少.2020年蒙古高原中部湖泊一直缩减;西部、南部和东部地区湖泊面积不断增加,草本沼泽、木本沼泽和草甸面积总体增加;湖泊、裸地及盐碱地总体减少;盐碱化程度减轻.自适应帕默尔干旱指数(scPDSI)与湖泊面积存在明显相关性.近二十年蒙古高原的气候因素和人类活动深刻地影响着蒙古高原湖滨带湿地的演变.开展人类活动不能以湿地生态健康为代价,我们应当重视湖泊和湿地资源的保护,从而实现湿地生态的动态平衡.
Abstract
Rapid climate change and human disturbance have caused serious damage and shrinkage of the wet-lands in the Mongolian Plateau,posing severe challenges to environmental development.Based on remote sensing images and DEM data,this study established a series of datasets for lakeside wetlands in the Mongolian Plateau in 2000,2010 and 2020,and investigated the dynamic evolution of lakeside wetlands in the Mongolian Plateau through spatial and temporal analyses.The results showed that in 2000,there were 564 lakes(>1 km²)in the Mongolian Plateau,with a total area of about 55216.47 km².Compared with 2000,the area of lakes in 2010 was significantly reduced,and there was a significant increase in the number of woody marshes and a reduction in the number of herbaceous marshes.In 2020,the lakes in the central part of the Mongolian Plateau were smaller than in 2010.The areas of lakes in the western,southern and eastern regions were increasing,and the areas of herba-ceous swamps,woody marshes and meadows were increasing overall.Lakes,bare land and saline-alkali land decreased overall.The degree of salinization was reduced over the study period.There was a significant correla-tion between the Adaptive Palmer Drought Index(scPDSI)and lake area.In the past two decades,the climatic factors and human activities of the Mongolian Plateau have profoundly affected the evolution of the lakeside wet-lands.We should prioritize the protection of lakes and wetland resources in order to achieve the dynamic balance of wetland ecology.
关键词
湖滨带湿地/蒙古高原/湖泊滨化/动态演变Key words
lakeside wetland/Mongolian Plateau/lacustrine shorenization/dynamic evolution引用本文复制引用
基金项目
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32161143025)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160279)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960249)
Science and Technology Major Project of Inner Mongolia(2022YFHH0017)
Science and Technology Major Project of Inner Mongolia(2021ZD0011)
Ordos Science and Technology Plan(2022EEDSKJZDZX010)
Ordos Science and Technology Plan(2022EEDSKJXM005)
Mongolian Foundation for Science and Technology(NSFC_2022/01)
Mongolian Foundation for Science and Technology(CHN2022/276)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据