首页|蒙古高原湖滨带湿地动态演变及驱动力分析

蒙古高原湖滨带湿地动态演变及驱动力分析

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气候急剧变化和人类干扰使蒙古高原湿地遭受严重破坏和萎缩,对环境发展提出严峻挑战.本文基于遥感影像和DEM数据,建立了 2000 年、2010 年和 2020 年三个时期蒙古高原湖滨带湿地数据集,通过时空分析,研究了蒙古高原湖滨带湿地动态演变情况,结果如下:2000年蒙古高原湖泊(>1 km²)共有564 个,总面积约为55216.47 km²;与2000年相比,2010 年湖泊面积显著减少,木本沼泽显著增加,草本沼泽减少.2020年蒙古高原中部湖泊一直缩减;西部、南部和东部地区湖泊面积不断增加,草本沼泽、木本沼泽和草甸面积总体增加;湖泊、裸地及盐碱地总体减少;盐碱化程度减轻.自适应帕默尔干旱指数(scPDSI)与湖泊面积存在明显相关性.近二十年蒙古高原的气候因素和人类活动深刻地影响着蒙古高原湖滨带湿地的演变.开展人类活动不能以湿地生态健康为代价,我们应当重视湖泊和湿地资源的保护,从而实现湿地生态的动态平衡.
Dynamic Evolution and Driving Forces of the Changes in Lakeside Wetlands in the Mongolian Plateau
Rapid climate change and human disturbance have caused serious damage and shrinkage of the wet-lands in the Mongolian Plateau,posing severe challenges to environmental development.Based on remote sensing images and DEM data,this study established a series of datasets for lakeside wetlands in the Mongolian Plateau in 2000,2010 and 2020,and investigated the dynamic evolution of lakeside wetlands in the Mongolian Plateau through spatial and temporal analyses.The results showed that in 2000,there were 564 lakes(>1 km²)in the Mongolian Plateau,with a total area of about 55216.47 km².Compared with 2000,the area of lakes in 2010 was significantly reduced,and there was a significant increase in the number of woody marshes and a reduction in the number of herbaceous marshes.In 2020,the lakes in the central part of the Mongolian Plateau were smaller than in 2010.The areas of lakes in the western,southern and eastern regions were increasing,and the areas of herba-ceous swamps,woody marshes and meadows were increasing overall.Lakes,bare land and saline-alkali land decreased overall.The degree of salinization was reduced over the study period.There was a significant correla-tion between the Adaptive Palmer Drought Index(scPDSI)and lake area.In the past two decades,the climatic factors and human activities of the Mongolian Plateau have profoundly affected the evolution of the lakeside wet-lands.We should prioritize the protection of lakes and wetland resources in order to achieve the dynamic balance of wetland ecology.

lakeside wetlandMongolian Plateaulacustrine shorenizationdynamic evolution

温云浩、王雪铭、刘华民、于洪波、牛峰、方海涛、温璐、卓义、付瑞英、白杨、肖博文、王立新

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内蒙古大学生态与环境学院,呼和浩特 010021

草原生态安全协同创新中心(由教育部和内蒙古自治区共同支持),呼和浩特 010021

蒙古高原生态与资源利用教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特 010021

内蒙古林业和草原局监测规划院,呼和浩特 010021

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湖滨带湿地 蒙古高原 湖泊滨化 动态演变

National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaScience and Technology Major Project of Inner MongoliaScience and Technology Major Project of Inner MongoliaOrdos Science and Technology PlanOrdos Science and Technology PlanMongolian Foundation for Science and TechnologyMongolian Foundation for Science and Technology

3216114302532160279319602492022YFHH00172021ZD00112022EEDSKJZDZX0102022EEDSKJXM005NSFC_2022/01CHN2022/276

2024

10.5814/j.issn.1674-764x.2024.05.005

资源与生态学报(英文版)
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

资源与生态学报(英文版)

CSTPCD
影响因子：0.388
ISSN：1674-764X
年,卷(期)：2024.15(5)