Research on a Cultural Ecosystem Service Evaluation System for National Parks:An Analysis based on Tourists'Perception of Aesthetic Value
Among cultural ecosystem services,aesthetic value is one of the most strongly related to humans.The scientific assessment of the aesthetic value of cultural ecosystem services plays a vital role in achieving the refined management of national park ecosystems.In the current study,Qianjiangyuan National Park in China was taken as an example,three typical types of aesthetic ecosystem services(AESs)were extracted,and an AES evaluation index system was constructed by combining the cultural attributes and landscape aesthetic value of national parks.Tourists'value perception of AESs was analyzed based on 542 valid survey questionnaires,and the influences of various demographic characteristics were explored using one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA).Based on this,the importance and overall level of various AESs in national parks were systematically evaluated using the entropy method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The results reveal the following.(1)Tourists believe that national parks have natural,cultural,and social aesthetic service value.The value perception of physical and mental health services is the highest(2.44),while that of spiritual worship services is the lowest(1.86).(2)Different demographic characteristics have significant impacts on the value perception of aesthetic services.The greater the number of visits to the national park,the higher the tourists'value perception of primitive wilderness,spiritual wor-ship,folk culture,and human settlement services.Moreover,tourists visiting the national park for research purposes have the highest value perception of natural ASEs.(3)There are cognitive differences in the importance of various AESs:cultural aesthetic services(0.8473)>natural aesthetic services(0.7032)>social aesthetic services(0.5780).Moreover,tourists consider spiritual worship services to be the most important(0.3695).(4)The value perception evaluation of the AESs of the national park is generally high,with a comprehensive evaluation score of 4.11,among which the value of physical and mental health services is the highest(4.44)and that of folk culture aesthetic ser-vices is the lowest(3.79).The results of this study are helpful for further improving the management level of national park ecosystems.
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