Effects of Quercetin Combined with Luteolin on Colorectal Cancer Cell Apoptosis and β-catenin and its Target Genes
Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanisms of quercetin and luteolin,both individually and in combination,on the proliferation and apoptosis of CT26 colorectal cancer cells.Methods:CT26 cells were treated with equal volumes of DMSO(control group),quercetin(quercetin group),luteolin(luteolin group),and a combination of quercetin and luteolin(combined group).Cell proliferation was assessed using the CCK-8(Cell Counting Kit-8)assay.Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin-FITC/PI double staining and flow cytometry.Caspase activities were measured using enzyme substrate kits.The protein expression levels of β-catenin and its downstream targets c-Myc,Cyclin D1,and Survivin were analyzed by Western blot.Results:Compared with the control group,treatment with quercetin and luteolin inhibited the proliferation of CT26 cells and induced apoptosis,accompanied by increased activities of Caspase-3,Caspase-8,and Caspase-9.Furthermore,the treatments inhibited the expression of β-catenin,c-Myc,Cyclin D1,and Survivin proteins(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The combination of quercetin and luteolin enhanced these effects on CT26 cells.Conclusion:Quercetin and luteolin inhibit the growth of CT26 colorectal cancer cells and induce apoptosis.The combined effect of these two agents is significantly greater than that of each agent alone.The mechanism is related to the downregulation of β-catenin,c-Myc,Cyclin D1,and Survivin expression,and the activation of Caspase-3,Caspase-8,and Caspase-9.
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