Mining and Bioinformatics Analysis of Houpo(Houpoea officinalis)Dirigent Gene Families
Objective Lignans are a major class of active compounds in the medicinal plant Houpo(Houpoea officinalis),and their synthesis is closely linked to the Dirigent(DIR)gene family.However,DIR genes in Houpo(Houpoea officinalis)have not been previously studied.This study aims to identify DIR genes in Houpo(Houpoea officinalis)and screen for those associated with lignan synthesis.Methods Using the complete genomic sequence of Houpo(Houpoea officinalis),a bioinformatics analysis was conducted by comparing it with the sequences of 25 known DIR genes from the model plant Ninanjie(Arabidopsis thaliana)through local BLAST.This led to the selection of 20 HoDIR genes containing the conserved dirigent domain.Subsequently,a se-ries of bioinformatics analyses was performed,encompassing physicochemical properties,subcellular localization,protein secondary and tertiary structures,as well as conserved domains.A phylogenetic tree was constructed using 25 DIR orthologous genes from Ninanjie(Arabidopsis thaliana)for comparative analysis.Results The findings revealed that these 20 HoDIR genes each con-tained either a complete or incomplete dirigent conserved domain and five prevalent conserved motifs in each HoDIR.Their rela-tive molecular weight was approximately 18736.48 Da,with theoretical isoelectric points ranging from 5.05 to 10.27,indicating a predominance of alkaline proteins.All of these proteins,except HoDIR4,demonstrate stability,and with the exception of HoD-IR9,they were all hydrophobic.Subcellular localization was primarily observed in chloroplasts and the cell wall,with a few in-stances in the cell membrane and cytoplasm.The main structural elements in the proteins secondary structure were extended chains and random coils.Protein tertiary structures were generally similar,with HoDIR6 and HoDIR9 displaying remarkable structural similarity to AtDIR6 of the DIR-a subfamily in Ninanjie(Arabidopsis thaliana).Conclusion Phylogenetic analysis re-sults indicate that DIR genes in Houpo(Houpoea officinalis)can be classified into three subfamilies:DIR-a,DIR-b/d,DIR-e.Among them,HoDIR6 and HoDIR9 belong to the DIR-a subfamily and may play a role in the regulation of lignan synthesis in Houpo(Houpoea officinalis).The exploration and identification of the DIR gene family in Houpo(Houpoea officinalis)provide a theoretical foundation for the biosynthesis of Houpo(Houpoea officinalis)lignans and the enhancement of their medicinal potency and quality.
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