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当归不同药用部位的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

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当归作为"分根梢"理论的代表药材，其以不同药用部位分别入药起源于唐代，形成于金元，兴盛于明清;经历代医家临床实践总结，逐渐确立了归头止血、归身补血、归尾活血的作用功效。现代研究表明，当归中含有当归多糖、挥发油、有机酸、无机盐等药效部位及阿魏酸、绿原酸、欧前胡素、藁本内酯等药效成分;在当归头、当归身及当归尾等不同药用部位中，上述药效物质基础的种类分布均匀、区别不大，但含量及相关比例差异明显;多数学者认为，含量、比例差异可能是导致当归不同药用部位存在较大药理作用差异的主要原因。通过对相关文献的检索，梳理和总结近年来国内外对当归不同药用部位中药效物质基础分布情况及相关药理作用的研究，从当归不同药用部位中药效物质基础的种类分布和含量差异两个方面综合分析，并结合相关药效物质基础对应的药理作用研究，找寻当归不同药用部位间存在的"成分-效用"关系，以期为历代医家将当归按当归头、当归身、当归尾分别入药提供更强有力的佐证，同时为当归提出进一步研究的主要方向和思路。
Research Progress in Chemical Components and Pharmacological Effects of Different Medicinal Parts of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)
As the representative traditional Chinese herb of"distinguishing the root and the tip",using different medicinal parts of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)in clinic was originated in the Tang Dynasty and formed in the Jin and Yuan dynas-ties.The doctors summarized the clinical experiences and confirmed the head of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)can stop bleeding,the body of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)can enrich the blood,and the tail of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Ra-dix)can invigorate the circulation of blood.Contemporary research shows that the important pharmacodynamic sites including an-gelica polysaccharide,volatile oil,organic acid and inorganic salt,and he important pharmacodynamic components including feru-lic acid,chlorogenic acid,imperatorin and ligustilide in Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix).All different medicinal parts have the pharmacodynamic sites and components,but the contents and the proportions have obvious difference.Many scholars think the difference of the content and the proportion is important factors for different curative effects of different medicinal parts of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix).Through the literature search,this paper reviewed and summarized the studies on the distribution and pharmacological effects of different medicinal parts of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix),comprehensive analyzed the difference of the variety and the content and combined the pharmacological effects to find out the relationship of"components-efficacy"in different medicinal parts,so as to provide the best evidence for using different medicinal parts of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)in clinic and provide the direction and thinking for the thorough study of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix).

Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)head of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)body of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)tail of Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)chemical componentspharmacological effects

徐志伟、李季文、马新换、杜伟锋、边娜、毕映燕

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甘肃省中医院,甘肃兰州 730000

甘肃省第二人民医院,甘肃兰州 730099

浙江中医药大学中药饮片有限公司,浙江杭州 311401

兰州市白银路街道社区卫生服务中心,甘肃兰州 730030

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当归 当归头 当归身 当归尾 化学成分 药理作用

国家重点研发计划项目国家中药标准化项目国家中医药行业科研专项中华中医药学会青年人才托举工程项目

2018YFC1707001ZYBZH-H-ZY-45201507002QNRC2-C12

2024

10.13193/j.issn.1673-7717.2024.04.016

中华中医药学刊
中华中医药学会 ,辽宁中医药大学

中华中医药学刊

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.007
ISSN：1673-7717
年,卷(期)：2024.42(4)
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