Effects of Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus)Extract on Th1 and Th2 Cell Subsets in Dyslipidemic Mice Based on Modulation of TBX21 and GATA-3 Factors
Objective To investigate the mechanism of Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus)extract in regulating T-box transcription factor 21(TBX21)and GATA-binding protein 3(GATA-3)to regulate the subpopulations of type Ⅰ helper T cells(Th1)and type Ⅱ helper T cells(Th2)in dyslipidemic mice to prevent and control dyslipidemia.Methods Sixty C57BL/6J mice were ran-domly divided into six groups,i.e.,normal control group,high fat diet(HFD)group,HFD+high dose Shanzha(Crataegi Fruc-tus)extract group,HFD+medium dose Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus)extract group,HFD+low dose Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus)extract group,and HFD+atorvastatin group,with 10 mice in each group.The HFD mice were fed with high-fat food for 8 weeks to establish dyslipidemia model.Mice in the high,medium and low dose Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus)extract groups were given Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus)extract by gavage after 4 weeks of high-fat feeding,and the mice in the atorvastatin group were given atorvastatin by gavage after 4 weeks of high-fat diet.In the control and HFD groups,the equal amounts of saline were adminis-tered orally by gavage at the same time,and the levels of plasma triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were detected by an automated biochemistry analyzer af-ter 4 weeks of high-fat feeding.Quantitative Real-time-Polymerase Chain Reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to determine the expressions of Tbx21 and Gata3 mRNA.Tbx21 and Gata3 protein expressions were detected by Western Blot and the ratio of Th1 and Th2 cells in mouse spleen was detected by flow cytometry.Results Compared with the normal group,the high-fat diet signif-icantly increased the levels of serum TC,TG and LDL-C,the Tbx21 mRNA and protein expressions in the spleen of mice were significantly increased,the Gata3 mRNA and protein expressions were significantly decreased,the percentage of Th1 cells in the splenic tissues of mice was significantly up-regulated,and the percentage of Th2 cells was significantly down-regulated.Com-pared with the HFD group,the serum lipids of dyslipidemic mice intervened by Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus)extract and atorvasta-tin were improved,the levels of TC,TG and LDL-C were significantly decreased,HDL-C level was significantly increased,Tbx21 mRNA and protein expressions in the spleen of mice were significantly decreased,Gata3 mRNA and protein expressions were significantly increased,and the percentage of Th1 cells in mouse spleen tissues was significantly decreased and the percent-age of Th2 cells was significantly increased.The percentage of Th1 cells in the splenic tissues of mice decreased significantly,the percentage of Th2 cells increased significantly,and the effect of the Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus)extract high dose group and the HFD+atorvastatin group group in regulating the related factors was significantly better than that of the medium and low dose Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus)extract groups and the effect on the levels of HDL-C and LDL-C,the percentage of Th1 cells,the expressions of Tbx21,Gata3 mRNA and protein was close to that of the HFD+atorvastatin group group.Conclusions Shanzha(Crataegi Fructus)extract can effectively prevent and control dyslipidemia by regulating Tbx21 and Gata3 factors,which in turn affects the differentiation process of Th1 and Th2 cells and attenuates lipid deposition.
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