Due to the complexity of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)interventions and the diversity of herbal components,single-omics technologies such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics often can-not comprehensively elucidate the scientific connotations of TCM.Multi-omics technologies driven by system biology can analyze the theoretical connotations and application mechanisms of TCM from different levels such as genes,gene expression,proteins,and metabolites,in line with the holistic view of TCM,which helps to promote the moderniza-tion of TCM.By reviewing the literature on the application of omics technologies in the field of TCM,it is found that multi-omics technologies have been widely used in TCM for syndrome differentiation,evaluation of herbal quality,elu-cidation of pharmacological mechanisms,and drug toxicity assessment,providing comprehensive explanations of the mechanisms of action of TCM and overcoming the limitations of single-omics technologies,and having obtained signifi-cant achievements.However,multi-omics technologies also face challenges such as high cost,difficulties in data analysis due to large data volumes,and insufficient translation of research results.In the future,it is expected that through strengthening interdisciplinary cooperation,conducting long-term and dynamic clinical research,standardiz-ing and normalizing data analysis processes,adopting appropriate and reasonable multi-omics integration patterns,establishing multi-omics databases for TCM,revealing the individualized characteristics,therapeutic mechanisms,and disease regulatory networks of TCM,the modernization of TCM will be promoted.
multi-omics technologiessystems biologysyndrome differentiationbioinformaticspharmacological mechanismsdrug toxicitmodernization of traditional Chinese medicine
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