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孔子音义思想述论

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《论语》集中反映了孔子关于语音语义匹配关系的思想.孔子认为,字(词)的音义匹配关系有的具有任意性,有的符合理据性.符合理据性的字(词),其意义可以用与之相关的同音字(词)来加以训释,反之则不能.孔子诵读先王典法时,坚持使用雅言,应该是意识到不同方言之间音读的差异会导致语义信息传递的困难.孔子还发现了当时语言中存在的字(词)多音现象,且字(词)的不同义项之间存在联系,于是利用这种现象修饰词藻、完成表达.孔子的音义思想不仅是汉语音义学思想的重要源头,而且是汉语音义学历史研究的重要资料.
The Discourse on Confucius'Chinese Phonosemantics Thought
The Analects of Confucius reflects Confucius'thoughts of phonological-semantic matching relationships.Confucius be-lieved that the matching relationship between the sounds and meanings of words can be arbitrary or based on principles.Words that based on principles can be explained by using their related homophones,not if it's the opposite.When Confucius read the canonical laws of the late kings,he insisted on using the official standard pronunciation,likely realizing that the differences in phonology between dif-ferent dialects would lead to difficulties in transmitting semantic information.Confucius had already discovered the phenomenon of multi-ple pronunciations of a word in Chinese and the connection between the different meanings of that word,and would utilize this phenome-non to modify words and complete expressions.These are the focus of attention of later phonosemantics scholars.Confucius'view of pho-nosemantics is not only an important source of Chinese phonosemantics thought,but also an important source for the historical study of Chinese phonosemantics.

黄仁瑄、武迎晗

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华中科技大学中国语言研究所,湖北武汉 430074

孔子 音义思想 汉语音义学

国家社会科学基金重大项目华中科技大学一流文科建设重大学科平台建设项目

19ZDA318

2024

郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版)
郑州大学

郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版)

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.506
ISSN:1001-8204
年,卷(期):2024.57(1)
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