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生成式人工智能的刑事风险及刑法应对

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作为一种人工智能技术,生成式人工智能的广泛应用不仅给人类生产、生活方式带来极大便利,也极易侵犯数据安全、个人隐私与知识产权等法益,蕴含着较大的刑事风险.由于生成式人工智能犯罪具有区别于传统刑事犯罪的特性,刑法在应对生成式人工智能犯罪时面临责任归属、罪名适用方面的挑战.为了应对生成式人工智能的刑事风险,刑法应在坚持"人类中心主义"的前提下,明确生成式人工智能研发者、服务提供者以及使用者的刑事责任,以提高刑法规范的针对性与有效性;在遵循刑法谦抑性原则的基础上,增设新罪名,以弥补现有规范对生成式人工智能规定的滞后性;强化研发者、服务提供者、使用者等责任主体的义务,从多维度保障生成式人工智能的规范使用,以实现前沿科技与现实规则之间的有效平衡.
The criminal risk of generative artificial intelligence and criminal law response
As an artificial intelligence technology,the wide application of generative artificial intelli-gence not only brings great convenience to human production and lifestyle,but also easily infringes upon legal interests such as data security,personal privacy and intellectual property rights,entailing significant criminal risks.Due to the characteristics that distinguish generative artificial intelligence crimes from traditional criminal offenses,criminal law faces challenges in terms of responsibility attri-bution and application of charges when dealing with generative artificial intelligence crimes.In order to address the criminal risks associated with generative artificial intelligence,the criminal law should clarify the criminal responsibilities of developers,service providers,and users of generative AI on the premise of"anthropocentrism",so as to enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of criminal law norms.On the basis of following the principle of modesty in criminal law,new charges should be add-ed to compensate for the lag in existing regulations concerning generative AI.The obligations of de-velopers,service providers,users,and other responsible parties should be strengthened to ensure the regulated use of generative AI from multiple perspectives,aiming to achieve an effective balance be-tween cutting-edge technology and realistic rules.

generative artificial intelligencecriminal riskcriminal responsibility

张秋芳、段誉宗

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中原工学院,法学院/知识产权学院,河南 郑州 450007

生成式人工智能 刑事风险 刑事责任

2024

中原工学院学报
中原工学院

中原工学院学报

影响因子:0.23
ISSN:1671-6906
年,卷(期):2024.35(5)