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应用伦理学中的程序伦理

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应用伦理学的任务在于为功能分化的社会各个领域部门出现的道德冲突与伦理悖论提供解答,这一任务的完成有赖于程序伦理理念的建构。作为一种程序伦理,应用伦理学通过体现民主在道德哲学中的运用而呈示了全新的伦理范式。依照论证程序的建构原则,具有价值多元性的商谈决策参与者们唯一能够达成一致的起点只能是中立的程序,但实际上商谈程序又并非纯形式上的和价值中立的,因为程序伦理以自由为价值底蕴,以公正先于善好为价值导向。商谈程序的参与者应具备伦理专业基础知识和敏锐的判断力,对情境有全面精准的把握,善于提炼和厘清伦理问题,能够运用伦理理论工具,自觉遵循程序的基本规范性设定,力求在理性论证基础上赢得也许并非道德真理而是具有一定道德正确程度的道德共识,所有这一切均构成程序伦理的基本样态。
Procedural Ethics in Applied Ethics
The task of applied ethics is to provide answers to the moral conflicts and ethical paradoxes that arise in various sectors of society with differentiated functions.The completion of this task depends on the construction of procedural ethical concepts.As a pro-cedural ethics,applied ethics presents a new ethical paradigm by embodying the application of democracy in moral philosophy.Accord-ing to the construction principle of argumentation procedure,the only starting point for consensus among decision-making participants with multiple values can only be a neutral procedure.However,in fact,the negotiation procedure is not purely formal and value-neu-tral,because procedural ethics regards freedom as the value foundation and justice before goodness as the value orientation.Participants in the negotiation process should possess basic ethical knowledge and keen judgment,have a comprehensive and accurate grasp of the situation,be good at refining and clarifying ethical issues,be able to use ethical theoretical tools,consciously follow the basic norma-tive settings of the process,and strive to win a moral consensus that may not be moral truth but has a certain degree of moral correctness based on rational reasoning.All of these constitute the basic form of procedural ethics.

applied ethicsprocedural ethicsfreedomjusticemoral consensus

甘绍平

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中国社会科学院大学哲学院

中国社会科学院哲学所(北京 100732)

应用伦理学 程序伦理 自由 公正 道德共识

2024

中州学刊
河南省社会科学院

中州学刊

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.854
ISSN:1003-0751
年,卷(期):2024.(1)
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