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以义为政:赵匡胤的开国策略

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赵匡胤在追求长治久安的策略中,尽可能使用和平手段解决问题.贯穿宋初建国、统一、稳定全过程的策略,即历史上少见的义气,是他和风细雨却力挽狂澜的法宝.包括确立优待后周柴氏的政策并将周六庙列入国家祀典,封柴氏后人世袭崇义公,允许后周遗老遗少对周世宗忠义及表达私人感情;将义用于统一战略,反对滥杀无辜,优待降王;大量采取江湖义气办法统军,不顾国法;宋太祖仍与诸将领保持义兄弟关系,多加关怀纵容,也多保全式防范.以义为政是"马上治天下"的新创举,把江湖之义转化为庙堂之义,使义政治化,用义治天下.宋初历史由动乱走向和平,得益于"义"观念强大的精神力量.宋初政治文明中有着很大的"义"成分,遂成为宋代开国体制的重要内容.
Governing with Righteousness:Zhao Kuangyin's Founding Strategy
Zhao Kuangyin tried his best to use peaceful means to solve problems as much as possible in the strategy of pursuing long-term stability.The strategy that ran through the whole process of the founding,unifying,and stabilizing the country in the early Song Dynasty was a rare righteousness in history,which was Zhao Kuangyin's magic weapon,peaceful but powerful.Including establis-hing preferential policies for the Chai family of Later Zhou and sacrificing the six ancestors of Later Zhou in the national sacrificial cere-mony,granting Chai's descendants hereditary Chongyi Gong,allowing the adherents of Later Zhou to be loyal to Zhou Shizong and ex-press personal emotions;Using righteousness for unified strategy,opposing indiscriminate killing of innocent people,and favoring the surrender of kings;Adopting a large number of way from folk brotherhood to unify the army,even disregarding national laws;Emperor Taizu of Song still maintained a brotherly relationship with various generals,showing more care and connivance,as well as adopting a protective and preventive approach.Governing with righteousness was a new initiative of'governing by force',which transformed the folk righteousness into the regime righteousness,politicized righteousness,and used righteousness to govern the world.The historical transition from turmoil to peace in the early Song Dynasty was due to the powerful spiritual power of the concept of righteousness.There was a significant element of righteousness in the political civilization of the early Song Dynasty,which became an important part of the founding system of the Song Dynasty.

Zhao Kuangyingoverning with righteousnessfounding strategy

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河南大学历史文化学院(河南 开封 475001)

赵匡胤 以义为政 开国策略

2024

中州学刊
河南省社会科学院

中州学刊

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.854
ISSN:1003-0751
年,卷(期):2024.(7)
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