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欲速而达:重大突发事件中科层组织的"时间机制"建构与运作

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科层制的时间维度是被忽略的议题.随着各类突发事件不断爆发,全球各国政府被置于应急状态之下并面临巨大挑战,行政运行的速度也因此重回讨论的中心.政府必须克服科层制的常规性与突发事件的非常规性之间的矛盾以保证应急响应的速度.在应对重大突发事件上,中国科层组织展现出较明显的速度优势,通过特有的"时间机制"缓解了科层制的惰性与僵化,及时响应并遏制了危害的蔓延.一方面,时间机制的建立植根于中国特色的政治系统—行政系统、规范化制度—任务型制度双轨联动的制度土壤之中.另一方面,执政党的价值合法性基础为科层组织突破规范的时间机制提供了合法性依据.当速度成为人民性的集中显现,时间机制下的"欲速而达"则可能为科层组织带来新的合法性.
The Construction and Operation of the Chinese Bureaucracy's"Time-saving Mechanism"Under Severe Mergencies
The temporal dimension of bureaucracy is a much neglected topic.As all kinds of emergencies continue to erupt,global governments are placed under urgent situations and face great challenges.The significance of administrative speed has been raised to a higher level.Governments must relieve the tension between the routine nature of the bureaucracy and the unconventional nature of emergencies to ensure the speed of emergency response.Chinese bureaucracy has demonstrated a certain speed in organizing the response,and preventing the spread of harms during severe emergencies,through establishing a unique"time-saving mechanism"which mitigates the inertia and rigidity of the bureaucracy.On the one hand,the establishment of the time-saving mechanism is rooted in the institutional soil of the Chinese style dual track of political system—administrative system,normative system—task-based system.On the other hand,the Communist Party's value legitimacy justified for the time-saving mechanism breaking through the norms of bureaucracy.Moreover,when administrative speed is at stake for the Chinese people,to attain speed through time saving mechanism may also bring new legitimacy to the Chinese bureaucracy.

bureaucracysevere emergencyemergency responsetime-saving mechanismChina's speed

何艳玲、肖芸

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北京大学政府管理学院(北京市,100871)

中山大学马克思主义学院(广东省广州市,510275)

科层组织 重大突发事件 应急响应 时间机制 中国速度

国家社会科学基金重大项目

19ZDA125

2024

政治学研究
中国社会科学院 政治学研究所

政治学研究

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.461
ISSN:1000-3355
年,卷(期):2024.(2)