摘要
本文分析了印度男孩偏好对生育间隔的影响。兄弟姐妹的性别构成为印度1990年或之前出生的外部差异提供了可靠的来源，因为性别筛查直到1990年经济改革后才变得普遍。我使用前两个孩子的兄弟姐妹性别构成来捕捉它对第三个出生间隔的影响。我的分析表明，平均而言，有两个儿子的家庭比有两个女儿的家庭面临的第三次生育风险低8%。此外，我发现异质性的三个渠道：宗教、母亲年龄和居住状态。来自不同宗教团体的受访者对前两个出生的兄弟姐妹组成的反应不同，因为他们在第三个间隔中出生的风险更高。此外，至少有一个儿子的年长母亲比年轻母亲的第三次生育间隔更短。最后，受访者的居住国也推动了一些异质性，来自非南部各州的母亲一旦在前两次分娩中至少有一个儿子，就不太可能有更高风险的第三次生育间隔。
Abstract
Abstract This paper analyzes the implications of son preference on birth spacing intervals in India. Sibling sex composition provides a credible source of exogenous variation in the Indian context for births on or before 1990, as sex screening became widespread only after the 1990 economic reforms. I use the sibling sex composition of the first two children to capture its impact on the third birth interval. My analysis shows that, on average, families with two sons face an 8% lower hazard of a third birth relative to families with two daughters. Moreover, I find three channels of heterogeneity: religion, mother’s age, and state of residence. Respondents from diverse religious groups respond differently to the sibling composition of the first two births regarding their likelihood of riskier births for the third interval. Moreover, older mothers with at least one son are less likely to have a shorter third birth interval than younger cohorts of mothers. Finally, the respondent’s state of residence also drives some heterogeneity, with mothers from non-southern states less likely to have a riskier third birth interval once they have had at least one son among the first two births.
NETL
NSTL
Springer Nature