© 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLCThis study examines the technical, economic, and regulatory feasibility of using depleted reservoirs for hydrogen storage. In this regard, utilizing depleted reservoirs is significantly more economical and scalable, especially when considering the use of preexisting infrastructure with demonstrated containment. It reviews the geology of such formations for hydrogen storage, emphasizing that for long-term storage, the integrity of caprock, permeability of the reservoir, and geomechanical stability all play an important role. These findings point to minimal change in porosity for the containment of fluids in sandstone formations. However, such factors as hydrogen leakage and embrittlement, and low-permeability reservoir flow dynamics are problematic areas to which robust mitigation strategies should be applied. Advanced monitoring, hydraulic stimulation, and injection-withdrawal cycles are recommended to achieve maximum storage efficiency while preventing structural failures. The analysis presented suggests significant cost reductions due to reusing existing infrastructure. However, upgrades in materials and compliance with regulatory matters are considered additional financial burdens. This study underlines updated regulatory frameworks that take into consideration hydrogen-specific risks: environmental impact assessments and safety guidelines on containment and transportation. It also advocates for multidisciplinary approaches that couple advanced geological assessments, material innovation, and real-time surveillance technologies. This research informs the development of a strategic roadmap for integrating hydrogen storage into the global energy system, supporting variable renewable energy transition goals and solving intermittent challenges. In this way, the study offers a route toward a more sustainable and resilient energy future by optimizing depleted reservoirs for hydrogen storage.
NETL
NSTL
Elsevier
