首页|Efcient Cr (Ⅵ) removal from tannery wastewater using Co‑Zn ferrite‑modifed water hyacinth biochar: mechanisms and optimization
Efcient Cr (Ⅵ) removal from tannery wastewater using Co‑Zn ferrite‑modifed water hyacinth biochar: mechanisms and optimization
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NSTL
Springer Nature
Chromium contamination from tannery effluents significantly threatens environmental sustainability and public health. This study aims to develop a Co-Zn ferrite-incorporated water hyacinth biochar (Co-ZnF@WHB) for efficient Cr (Ⅵ) removal from contaminated water. The biochar was synthesized through pyrolysis of water hyacinth steam at 450 ℃, followed by HNO_3 activation to enhance surface functionality. FTIR and XPS analysis confirmed the introduction of C = O and - OH groups, which created active sites and significantly improved Cr (Ⅵ) adsorption. XPS analysis indicated Cr (Ⅵ) reduction to Cr (Ⅲ) via oxidation of - C = O to COO~- groups. The incorporation of Co-Zn ferrite introduced magnetic properties, facilitating easy separation. Adsorption experiments revealed a strong pH dependence, with maximum capacities of 52.15 mg/g at pH 2.0 (298 K) in synthetic solutions and 66.38 mg/g at pH 3.54 for tannery effluent. Kinetic modeling suggested chemisorption as the rate-limiting step, while isotherm analysis confirmed monolayer adsorption. Thermodynamic studies indicated an endothermic (ΔH~o ≈ 34 kJ/mol) and spontaneous (ΔG~o ＜ 0) adsorption process. The response surface methodology (Box-Behnken Design) optimized preparation conditions, ranking factor influence as pH ＞ Cr (Ⅵ) concentration ＞ contact time. The primary Cr (Ⅵ) removal mechanisms involved surface complexation, electrostatic interactions, and reduction. This study demonstrates the potential of Co-ZnF@WHB as an effective, sustainable, and eco-friendly material for Cr (Ⅵ) remediation from polluted water sources.
BiocharCo-Zn ferritesChromiumAdsorptionRSM
M. Hedayet Ullah、Mohammad Jellur Rahman
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Department of Physics,Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology,Dhaka 1000,Bangladesh||Department of Physics,Bangladesh University of Textiles, Dhaka 1208,Bangladesh
Department of Physics,Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology,Dhaka 1000,Bangladesh
NETL
NSTL
Springer Nature
