首页|Dental adhesives incorporated with alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide-loaded titanium oxide nanotubes for sustained bioactive and anti-biofilm protection
Dental adhesives incorporated with alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide-loaded titanium oxide nanotubes for sustained bioactive and anti-biofilm protection
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NETL
NSTL
Elsevier
Objectives: This study aimed to formulate experimental dental adhesives with alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide-loaded titanium oxide nanotubes (ntTiO2/ATAB) and evaluated their physicochemical properties, antimicrobial activity, mineral deposition, and cytotoxicity. Methods: ntTiO2/ATAB was synthesized, characterized, and added into an experimental adhesive resin. The filler ntTiO2/ATAB was added at 1, 2.5, and 5 wt% (G1 %, G2.5 %, G5 %) in the adhesive. A control group (G0 %) without ntTiO2/ATAB was also prepared and used in all tests. The adhesives were analyzed for degree of conversion (DC %), softening in solvent, radiopacity, antibacterial activity against saliva-derived microcosm, mineral deposition capability, and cytotoxicity. Results: Analytical techniques, including TEM, FTIR, UV-Vis, and micro-Raman spectroscopy, confirmed the structure and chemical composition of the ntTiO2/ATAB. A DC% over 60 % was observed for all groups, with no adverse impact on radiopacity or softening in solvent. Antibacterial testing indicated that increasing ntTiO2/ ATAB concentration led to reduced colony-forming units of critical microorganisms, with this effect sustained over a one-year aging period. Mineral deposition tests showed enhanced phosphate presence over the samples with higher ntTiO2/ATAB concentrations. There were no statistical differences in human cell viability among groups. Significance: The dental adhesives formulated with ntTiO2/ATAB demonstrated suitable physical and chemical properties, including reliable bond strength to dentin previously tested. They also exhibited antibacterial effects against caries-related microorganisms even after aging, promoted bioactivity through mineral deposition, and showed no cytotoxicity against human cells. These adhesives represent a promising strategy to assist in reducing the risk of recurrent caries and preserve the material-dentin interface properties over time.
Garcia, Isadora Martini、Araujo-Neto, Vitaliano Gomes、Balbinot, Gabriela、Souza, Virginia Serra、Mokeem, Lamia、Scholten, Jackson Damiani、Melo, Mary Anne Sampaio、Giannini, Marcelo、Collares, Fabricio Mezzomo
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Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Faculty of Dentistry
NETL
NSTL
Elsevier
