Exercise helps the immune system to fight tumours by stimulating microbes in the gut to make a compound known as formate, studies in mice have shown. Exercise is known to boost the effectiveness of cancer drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors, which unleash the immune system against tumours. To find out how it does this, Catherine Phelps at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pennsylvania and her colleagues studied how running on a treadmill affected mice with skin cancer.
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