Abstract
© 2025 Elsevier Ltd.Cili ( Rosa roxburghii Tratt .) pomace is rich in bioactive components, making it a promising additive for functional packaging materials. Cili pomace extracts (CLPE) were incorporated into chitosan/cellulose nanofibril (CS/CNF) matrices to develop a food packaging material—strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding among CS, CNF, and CLPE, leading to amorphous structural features. The CS/CNF/CLPE composite films, particularly those with 20 % CLPE loading, displayed significantly reduced water vapour permeability (WVP), enhanced thermal stability, and superior UV-blocking capacity. Additionally, the enrichment of CLPE endowed the composite films with potent functional properties, enhancing their antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus . In strawberry preservation tests, the CS/CNF/20 %CLPE film solution inhibited decay, minimised weight loss, and maintained fruit quality. Additionally, films containing CLPE accelerated biodegradation, with over 70 % degradation occurring within 21 d. Therefore, the multifunctional CS/CNF/CLPE composite film, which leverages the valorisation of agricultural by-products, presents a promising sustainable packaging candidate for active food preservation.
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Elsevier