首页|English delftware (c. 1770) from Bristol, Lancaster and Liverpool: A composition study using Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy
English delftware (c. 1770) from Bristol, Lancaster and Liverpool: A composition study using Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy
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NSTL
Elsevier
Nine decorated lead-tin glazed earthenwares, colloquially termed 'delftware', produced in c. 1770 in Bristol, Lancaster and Liverpool, England, have been analysed non-invasively by Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy. The body paste used to manufacture these west coast wares was attained by the blending of highly dolomitic [CaMg(CO3)(2)] "blue" clay sourced from Carrickfergus, County Antrim, Ireland, with locally sourced clays. Thus, the resulting body fabric of these wares contains significant MgO enabling them to be differentiated from MgO-free London manufactured delftware. The glazes employed all contain arsenic, obtained as a cobalt impurity or by deliberate addition. The presence of this unvolatilised arsenic in the glaze has then reacted with the lead during firing at temperatures approaching 1000 degrees C and then further reacted with calcium and magnesium to form needle-like crystals of lead arsenates in the form of mimetite [Pb-5(AsO4)(Cl,OH)], schultenite [Pb (AsO3OH)], beta-roselite [Ca2Co(AsO4)(2)center dot 2H(2)O], hedyphane [Ca2Pb3(AsO4)(3)Cl], wendwilsonite [Ca2Mg (AsO4)(2)center dot 2H(2)O] and/or adelite [CaMgAsO4(OH)] during high temperature firing.
DelftwareRaman spectroscopyElectron microscopyCobalt blue pigmentationLead-tin glazeLead arsenateTIN-GLAZED EARTHENWAREDELLA ROBBIA BLUEMOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPYPIGMENTSTEMPERATUREPORCELAINCOBALTPHASEOXIDEIDENTIFICATION
NSTL
Elsevier
