查看更多>>摘要：Numerous studies have tried to explain the financial behaviour of firms based on different theories. Despite the vast and rich literature, only in the last decade has attention also been focused on emerging economies. In the first place, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of the capital structure in an emerging economy, such as that of the Dominican Republic, testing the sustainability of the trade-off and pecking order theories. Secondly, we also investigated the impact of tax policy on the financial behaviour of businesses. In this perspective, this study overcomes the distorting problems associated with estimating the tax variable, as it uses data from each company's tax returns. The data were provided by the Ministry of Finance to the World Bank as part of a collaboration on the analysis of fiscal policy. A fixed-effects (FE) estimation technique has been employed to analyse the financial structure of companies. Overall, the results show that the individual determinants have a strong ability to explain the capital structure of companies, also highlighting that, in some cases, the fiscal variable influences the financial behaviour of companies..
OLGA V. GONCHARUKCHERNYSH ROMANOLENA KUZMENKOIHOR V. KOZYCH...
12页
查看更多>>摘要：Cybercrime threatens the national security of different countries around the world. The growth of cyberattacks destabilizes the international order and disrupts the normal functioning of international relations. The purpose of the academic paper is to analyze the causes and economic consequences of the level of cybercrime in the world and to identify modern legal arrangements to combat cybercrime. In order to achieve the purpose outlined, the following methods have been used, namely: the method of comparison, analysis, element-theoretical method, method of generalization and analogy. It has been established that the level of cybercrime in the world and the economic consequences of its impact tend to increase. It is estimated that in 2020 the total cost of cybercrime and cybersecurity will exceed one trillion US dollars, which is more than 1% of world gross domestic product. The reasons have been determined why the number of cybercrimes are increasing (electronization and computerization of most industries, public sector; low level of operational cooperation; inconsistency of legal policy with the realities of cybercrime; development of cyber-attack mechanism; modernization of cybercrime; obstacles to international cooperation and so forth). The cause and effect interrelationship between the level of cybercrime, cybersecurity and legal methods of counteraction in different countries of the world has been proven. Three interrelated ways of the legal mechanism of counteraction to cybercrime have been offered, namely: the general, organizational and preventive ones. The expediency of international cooperation in the development of global strategies and other measures to combat cybercrime has been emphasized.
查看更多>>摘要：The current study aimed at examining the impact of AIS risks (IT Infrastructure, Data Entry and Outcome, Internal Operations, Control procedures and tools and Data Security) on quality on internal auditing as a comparison study between Jordan and England. Study adopted quantitative approach and istributed a questionnaire on (133) internal auditors in Jordan and (331) internal auditors in England. Through SPSS results of study indicated that all adopted risks were found within both samples responded to questionnaire. Both sample also indicated that "internal operations" and "data security" are the most influential risks that may jeopardize quality of internal auditing. Results also indicated differences between impacts of such risks on quality of internal auditing; such risks were attributed to the large population of England compared to Jordan and the intensity of internal auditing in England as higher than Jordan due to the intensity of operations within the country. However, "IT infrastructure" and "data security" appeared to be higher in England compared to Jordan which helped in easing the negative impacts of AIS risks on quality of internal auditing. Study recommended applying restrictions on users to limit the possibility of changing and manipulating data whether by parties inside or outside the organization, in addition to presenting extra efforts in choosing internal auditors in terms of qualifications, experiences and abilities.
查看更多>>摘要：Until recently, CSR reporting in most EU countries was voluntary and not regulated by the State. However, many, especially large companies, have disclosed additional non-financial information on a voluntary basis in various ways. The situation changed with the entry into force of the EU Directive on disclosure of nonfinancial and diversity information, which required over 6,000 EU companies to report non-financial information. The aim of the article is to examine how the implementation of Directive 2014/95/EU influenced the scope and quality of CSR reporting practices of financial institutions on the example of the Polish banking sector. The analysis in this study covered the content of non-financial information of the largest Polish banks listed on WIG Banki, a sub-index of the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The findings indicate that the banking sector reporting practices, although significantly improved, are still at an early stage. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the research results are the first to present an in-depth analysis of the impact of the NFI Directive on the CSR reports of financial institutions and their reviews. The findings of this study adds to our current knowledge and provides an overview of banking sector reporting practices, showing strengths and weaknesses in this area. The characteristics of banking sector practices presented in this document can help other financial institutions with CSR reporting and encourage them to adhere to recognized standards.
查看更多>>摘要：The economic transition from a market to a social model requires a review of the role of the state and representatives of business structures in the economic system. Various forms of their interaction are becoming increasingly important, the main of which are public-private partnerships aimed at financing, formation, and implementing socially important projects. The purpose of the study is to analyze and evaluate the parameters of interaction between the state and the private sector in terms of improving the socio-economic partnership based on the provisions of the concept of public-private partnership (PPP). To achieve the goal were used such methods: analysis and synthesis; formalization and grouping; systematization and logical abstraction. The practice of the Public-Private Partnership Center of the Republic of the Philippines shows that the rational use of social partnership financial instruments will allow the state to reduce the budget burden, ensure infrastructure development, increase employment, develop private enterprises and improve the quality of goods and services. It is noted that the level of public-private partnership use in the world differs significantly, and therefore requires further intensification of efforts to stimulate its use, including due to the wide range of significant benefits of its use for the economy and the population in particular. Public-private partnerships are becoming increasingly popular as they provide many important benefits. In particular, the opportunity to obtain additional financial resources, including through additional investments, quality projects involving professional companies, open access to innovative technologies, and priority opportunities for the state to direct funds to specific areas. Thus, the direction of further research may be to determine the details of the functioning of projects in the framework of public-private partnerships. It is also important to conduct a pre-investment analysis, check the effectiveness of financing, prepare appropriate recommendations for each project stage.
查看更多>>摘要：Current problems in the protection of economic rights in Eastern Europe (the impact of the oil industry on the environment and human health, discrimination in employment, including the abuse of the rights of migrant workers and women) determine the potential for economic development. This scientific article based on: qualitative and quantitative methodology; combination of comprehensive and systematic approaches; case method; analysis of statistical indicators. The aim of the research is to analyze the protection of economic rights in Eastern European countries and their negative impact on the lives of citizens. It has been found that in addition to unresolved issues of non-payment of salaries and discrimination against various social groups, these countries have new problems in the field of protection of intellectual property rights through the development of the digital economy. The legal system carefully and slowly integrates the practice of developed countries to provide guarantees for the most vulnerable (women, migrant workers). As a result, Eastern European countries are characterized by slow structural changes in the economy and an average level of GDP per capita. Discrimination, which is characterized by differences, is among the main problems. Discrimination does not ensure equal access for women to all spheres of public life. The revealed connection between gender equality and the economic wellbeing of the population proves the importance of protecting economic rights as a tool to ensure the formation of a socially oriented market economy. In Eastern European countries, there is no consistent concept of equality regardless of the social-economic characteristics of the citizen. Judicial practice remains quite cautious in sentencing and there are cases of return to formal equality.
SVITLANA V. KAPITANETSNATALIIA VARENIAOLENA L. KOROLCHUKTETIANA KULINICH...
7页
查看更多>>摘要：The goal of the article was to investigate the problems of personnel security in the government authorities of countries with a transition economy. Personnel security has been considered from the position of a bureaucratic approach, which makes it impossible for government authorities' personnel policy to be effective and the development of professionalism and democracy. Theories of human resource management and management theory have been defined as general concepts of ensuring personnel security. The connection between the quality of government authorities' regulatory capacities and the efficiency of the government of transition economy has been revealed; the link between controlling corruption and increasing the efficiency of the government of transition economy has been established.
查看更多>>摘要：Project management has the potential to play a key role in the effective functioning of a company. In spite of the intensive development of project management knowledge and tools, however, the ratio of projects which fail is still very high. For the above reason, interest in research dedicated to project success determinants has been increasing. Although existing empirical studies provide numerous evidence on project key-success factors, relatively little research has been devoted to examination of project culture in the context of its impact on the final results of projects. The study's objective entails analysis of how project culture mediates the relationship between project characteristics and project outcome. For this purpose, a questionnaire has been developed, which was distributed among 138 project managers representing Polish enterprises. A theoretical model has been proposed, linking project attributes and project culture to project outcome. The results of the empirical studies indicate that inclusion of project culture, with special attention paid to its openness, significantly contributes to the clarification of the way project attributes affect project outcome.
查看更多>>摘要：The research empirically examines effect of Mergers and Acquisitions on Corporate Financial success of Quoted Insurance Companies in Nigeria. It has become expedient in the face of the drastic increase in Mergers and Acquisitions activity in recent decades and the fact that there has been very little empirical evidence of positive wealth effects and particularly the success of M&A in the insurance sector. This has arisen because most studies in Nigeria have rather focused on the banking sector. Data was obtained from Quoted Insurance Companies from 2003 to 2016 and the Regression Techniques were employed in the study. The result indicated that there exists a positive effect of M&A on Corporate Financial Performance of Insurance Companies. It revealed that a unit increase in merger led to about 4% increase in the Corporate Financial Performance of the merged firms. In effect, a unit increase in Earnings after Merger actually led to about 8% increase in the Corporate Financial Performance of the same firms. The study hereby recommend that Insurance Companies should look at issues of Claims settlement, Product Development and Branding while the National Insurance Commission (NAICOM) should look into the education of insurable clients as well as appropriate polices that would drive Insurance penetration in Nigeria.
查看更多>>摘要：The present study aims to explore if the earning management practices differ for companies adopted Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) systems within three categories (Bank and Insurance, Services, and Manufacturing) companies of listed (ERP)'s companies in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). Therefore, their financial statements from 2012 to 2019 have been analysed depending on modified Jones model (1995). The study revealed that there is a positive relationship between (ERP)'s manufacturing sector companies with earning management practices, while there is no statistically significant correlation between the (ERP)'s services sector companies, (ERP)'s bank and insurance sector companies with earning management. Also, it doesn't matter of adopting ERP systems to be engaged or not with earning management practices. Therefore, the study recommends users of manufacturing companies' financial statement to focus on the increase inside financial statements of manufacturing sector.
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