查看更多>>摘要：High-modulus polymers typically derive their properties from high crosslinking density and strong intermolecular interactions. In contrast, high-damping polymers primarily dissipate energy via the sliding and friction of mobile molecular segments. This fundamental contradiction creates an inherent trade-off, rendering the simultaneous achievement of high modulus and high damping a significant challenge. Herein, we report rigid-damping amphoteric ionic polymers (AIPs) developed through a cohesive entanglement strategy governed by side-chain ionic interactions. Synthesized via acid–base neutralization, these AIPs simultaneously achieve a high Young’s modulus of 0.9 GPa and a damping coefficient (loss factor, tan δ) of up to 1.5. This breakthrough proposes a strategy to balance the modulus-damping trade-off and highlights the material’s potential for advanced impact-resistant applications, such as transparent coatings for electronic devices and vibration-damping systems.
查看更多>>摘要：Multimodal sensory integration advances the development of embodied intelligent systems and robotics with human-skin-like tactile perception. However, the difficulties in simultaneously achieving high resolution and multimodality hamper the exquisite tactile perception to differentiate information through touching. In this study, we report a sub-milliscale-resolution bimodal tactile sensor array consisting of a piezoelectric sensor array for mapping pressure magnitude distribution and a triboelectric sensor array for contact height detection, enabling the calculation of Young’s modulus distribution. As compared to existing studies, the bimodal tactile sensor array achieved sub-milliscale spatial resolution of 700 μm and relatively high sensor density of 226 pixels/cm2, demonstrating fine-grained multimodal perception. By combining the pressure mapping information from the piezoelectric sensor array and contact height information from the triboelectric sensor array, with a rapid response time of 50 ms, the Young’s modulus distribution can be revealed. Furthermore, the tactile sensor array can achieve human-skin-like graphesthesia sensation and reconstruct the softness-encrypted pattern with the assistance of deep learning algorithms, providing a paradigm-shift strategy of sub-milliscale-resolution tactile perception toward embodied intelligence and robotics.
查看更多>>摘要：A wealth of micro/nanoscale fluidic channels between/in cells maintain essential mass transfer processes, ensuring the proper functioning of living organisms. Nevertheless, the artificial construction and simulation of such all-liquid channels remain, yet, a formidable challenge, due to the inherent Plateau–Rayleigh instability. Here, we present a new“quasistatic stretching”approach applied to a liquid bridge in another immiscible liquid, where the liquid/liquid interfaces were manipulated by interfacial nanoparticle–polymer coassemblies. These coassemblies, with characteristic of reconfigurable, tunable jammed networks, enable stepwise stretching the channel in liquid bridge size downward. We establish a selection rule of component inputs that yield ultrafine liquid channels during the stretching process. The superior flexibility and moderate entanglement or cross-linking of polymer chains within the nanoparticle–polymer microstructures endow the liquid bridge with plastic deformability, allowing the channel forward to hundred nanometer size, reducing by two-orders-of-magnitude on state-of-the-art technology and approaching the size range of biomimetic counterparts. Furthermore, biomimetic functions-intercellular mitochondrial rescue and compartmentalized immunotherapy-were proved using the organism tubular analog-liquid bridge based channels, via controlling the flowrate of the mass transfer in the channels. These simulations may offer a potential framework for biophysically understanding cellular processes mediated by tubular structures.
查看更多>>摘要：Phospholipid oxidation closely links tumorigenesis to tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling, easily producing lipid peroxides that cause inflammation and membrane damage. The inherent complexity and unpredictable biological effects of phospholipid peroxidation necessitate precision catalytic platforms for selective amplification of specific oxidized lipid species to enable mechanistic studies. We engineered a supramolecular smart composite material, SD-1@PCN-Ru, by integrating a ruthenium-modified metal-organic framework (MOF) with the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKs)-targeting fluorescent probe (SD-1). This design leveragesMOFs’ tunable porosity and catalytic versatility to spatially confine oxidative activity at tumor membranes via RTKs overexpression. Ru-modified MOFs exhibit enhanced capabilities in photoinduced oxygen activation and electron transfer compared to their pristine counterparts, thereby facilitating phospholipid ketenization. Lipidomics reveals selective depletion of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) at plasma membranes, compromising integrity while generating immunostimulatory oxidized lipids. Concurrently, the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by SD-1@PCN-Ru activate caspase-1/3 and GSDMD, thereby inducing immunogenic cell death and remodeling the immunosuppressive TME. In vitro/vivo studies demonstrate tumor-specific cytotoxicity and growth suppression surpassing non-targeted analogs, achieved through precision oxidative damage and immune activation. This work pioneers intelligent nanocomposites merging catalytic efficiency with molecular targeting, offering a transformative strategy for lipid peroxidation-mediated TME modulation via synthetic-biological integration.
查看更多>>摘要：Ultrasmall-sized cesium lead iodide (CsPbI_3) quantum dots (QDs) are promising candidates for achieving spectrally stable pure-red perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) meeting Rec. 2020 standards. However, the corresponding devices hardly achieve satisfactory external quantum efficiency (EQE), current efficiency (CE), and luminance simultaneously because of the use of largely excessive insulating long-chain ligands and additional difficulties in the defect control of ultrasmall CsPbI_3 QDs. Herein, we develop an alkyl iodide-assisted ligand modulation strategy for CsPbI_3 QDs toward high-efficiency and bright pure-red PeLEDs. We elucidate an in-situ nucleophilic bimolecular (S_N2) substitution reaction between the oleylamine and additionally incorporated short-chain 1-iodooctane (IO) molecules during the materials synthesis. The reaction-generated hydriodic acid (HI) induces non-destructive surface etching of QDs, enabling exceptional luminescent properties of the strongly confined products. In addition, the S_N2 reaction-derived secondary amine strongly adsorbs at the surface of QDs, which stabilizes the products with a reduced ligand density, simultaneously enhancing photoluminescence stability and electrical properties of the assembled emissive layers. The resultant devices emitting at 632 nm demonstrate a peak EQE of 21.56%, an impressive luminance of 13,132 cd m~(-2), and an exceptional CE of 20.73 cd A~(-1) , which outperforms state-of-the-art Rec. 2020 pure-red PeLEDs utilizing ultrasmall-sized colloidal CsPbI_3 QDs.
查看更多>>摘要：Nanostructured metamaterials with complex 3D geometries can be fabricated using two-photon lithography but are typically limited to specific materials by the available photoresists. Here, we develop a two-photon lithography photoresist for fabricating mechanically robust and optically active metamaterials. This photoresist consists of silver nanocluster photointiators in a polyhedral oligomeric silsequioxane (POSS) polymermatrix. Printed nanocomposites show a 216% increase in elastic modulus and 166% increase in energy absorption compared to structures made of POSS, while retaining 96% elastic recovery. Nanocomposite gyroid nanolattices reach 80% strain at failure. The nanolattice energy absorption is among the highest for lightweight nanoporous materials. Thermal annealing is used to convert the printed nanocomposites to nanoparticle-embedded glass with 54% higher energy absorption than fused silica. The annealed gyroid nanolattices contain silver nanoparticles and exhibit plasmonic activity. Right and left-handed chiral nanolattices result in different transmission spectra under linearly polarized light.
查看更多>>摘要：Stretchable multilayer electronic systems hold transformative potential for next-generation wearable electronics, soft robotics, and human-machine interfaces. However, the stretchability and stability are severely hindered by the interfacial mechanical and electrical mismatch of different components. Herein, by simultaneously combining modulus-engineered substrate with vertical soft interconnects, we report a multilayer electronic system design with both high stretchability and stability. The homologous soft-bridge and rigid-island design effectively reduces modulus mismatch and facilitates interfacial bonding, and the raw/hybrid liquid metal-based vertical interconnects efficiently alleviate Poisson effect thus ensuring stable mechanical and electrical connections. As a result, such engineered multilayer electronics demonstrate high stretchability (800%strain limit) and high stability (over 4000 cycles at 100%strain) that outperform the results from previously reported multilayered flexible electronic devices. A three-layer stretchable electronic system performs well as an electronic skin on a soft robot, and a wireless battery-integrated intelligent haptic system is also demonstrated.
查看更多>>摘要：Cancer immunotherapy, particularly using oncolytic viruses (OVs), has been recognized as a promising approach for treating malignant tumors because of its dual ability to selectively kill tumor cells and activate antitumor immunity. However, OV monotherapy faces inherent challenges, including suboptimal viral delivery efficiency, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and premature systemic-immune clearance. Recent breakthroughs in biomaterials have provided new avenues for optimizing oncolytic virotherapy by overcoming these limitations using innovative system designs. In this review, we systematically examined the synergistic combination of biomaterials with OVs to enhance cancer immunotherapy, emphasizing two major categories: nanomaterial-based carriers and cell-derived materials. Intelligent biomaterial delivery systems can spatiotemporally protect viruses from immune clearance and enable targeted accumulation and controlled release. Functionalized biomaterials can serve as immunomodulators or drug carriers that synergize with OVs to remodel the tumor microenvironment. Particular focus was placed on biomimetic virus-like nanoparticles, and their design principles, mechanisms, and applications were critically discussed in this review. Finally, we summarize the potential challenges and prospects of combining biomaterials with OVs to enhance cancer immunotherapy, paving the way for a clinical translation of this approach.
查看更多>>摘要：The photochemical CO_2 reduction reaction (CRR) represents a zero-carbon pathway for converting CO_2 into value-added chemicals, yet its industrial implementation has been constrained by low selectivity and product diversity. Dirac nodal arc semimetals characterized by ultrahigh carrier mobility (>25 000 cm2⋅V~(-1)⋅s~(-1)) offer a promising platform to search for efficient catalysts for CO_2 conversion. Herein, we demonstrate that strategic Pt incorporation into PdSn4 optimizes the electronic structure and carrier dynamics of this Dirac semimetal. Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that the resulting Pd-Sn-Pt local electronic structure redistributes charge density around Pd and Pt atoms, which facilitates C-C coupling via*OC-COH and*OC-CHOH intermediates and enhances carrier mobility by 40% versus the pristine PdSn4 single crystal. The optimized Pd0.4Pt0.6Sn4 single crystal achieves C_2H_4 i) formation rate of 328 µmol∙g~(-1)∙h~(-1); ii) product selectivity of 73.1%; iii) electron-based selectivity of 89%. This work establishes electronic-structure-tunable Dirac semimetals as a new paradigm for multi-carbon photochemical CO_2 reduction, providing a design strategy for next-generation photocatalysts.
查看更多>>摘要：Skyrmion-based devices hold considerable potential for memory, logic, and sensing applications, where precise control over skyrmion density and size is essential. While strain engineering offers an energy-efficient route to tune these properties, excessive strain can induce plastic deformation in magnetic films or lead to cracking, compromising the reliability of strain-mediated skyrmion control. Here, we demonstrate strain gradients as an effective additional control parameter in magnetic multilayers. By introducing microscale periodic wrinkled structures in sputtered Pt/Co/Ta multilayers, strain gradients with varying magnitudes and directions are generated. Magnetic force microscopy reveals that both skyrmion density and size vary synchronously with the in-plane strain gradient, enabling broader tunability than uniform strain approaches. Micromagnetic simulations confirm that these effects arise from strain and strain gradient modulation of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and magnetic anisotropy. Moreover, this control strategy is reversible, cyclable, and transferable across different magnetic multilayers, providing a practical avenue for precise skyrmion engineering. This approach offers significant promise for advancing flexible spintronics, skyrmion-based memory, and neuromorphic computing architectures.
NETL
NSTL
Wiley