查看更多>>摘要：2D ultrathin oxides derived from liquid metals represent a unique class of 2D materials, offering low-temperature, scalable, and ambient-processable alternatives to conventional synthesis methods. Here, 2D ultrathin indium oxide (InO_X) memtransistors are fabricated via a reproducible liquid-metal-printing process at 200℃ in ambient air, combining touch printing and blade coating. The resulting InO_X films exhibit nanoscale thickness (~4 nm), a wide optical bandgap (~3.7 eV), and a polycrystalline, oxygen-deficient structure. Their intrinsically high conductivity is converted into stable semiconducting behavior through dry-air annealing. The fabricated memtransistors display robust, gate-tunable bipolar memristive switching with excellent endurance over 500 cycles and strong device-to-device uniformity. Notably, they achieve high switching ratios up to 10~(3.63), outperforming most previously reported 2D memtransistors synthesized under high-temperature or vacuum conditions. The memristive behavior is governed by space-charge-limited conduction extending to the trap-filled limit, driven by carrier trapping/detrapping within exponentially distributed trap states. Moreover, the devices emulate synaptic plasticity and neuromodulation, achieving recognition accuracies up to 88.3% in artificial neural network simulations for handwritten image recognition. These results establish liquid-metal-printed ultrathin InO_X as a promising, scalable platform for next-generation 2D neuromorphic and memory device technologies.
查看更多>>摘要：Lattice deformation is a powerful way to engineer the properties of 2D materials, making their precise measurement an important challenge for both fundamental science and technological applications. Here, we demonstrate that boron-vacancy (V_B~-) color centers in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) enable quantitative strain sensing with sub-micrometer spatial resolution. Using this approach, we precisely quantify the strain-induced shift of the E_(2g) Raman mode in a multilayer hBN flake under uniaxial stress, establishing V_B~- centers as a new tool for strain metrology in van der Waals heterostructures. Beyond strain sensing, our work also highlights the unique multimodal sensing functionalities offered by V_B~- centers, which will be valuable for future studies of strain-engineered 2D materials.
查看更多>>摘要：The insufficient understanding of the diffusion-reaction-polymerization coupling in membrane formation dynamics hinders the application of interfacial polymerization membranes in drug delivery and membrane separation. Here, the relationship between the hydrophilicity of the oil phase and water mass transfer behavior is taken as the breakthrough point. From the perspective of diffusion, the water mass transfer flux is positively correlated with the membrane thickness. From the perspective of polymerization, under the diffusion-limited aggregation model, the polymerization of oligomers leads to uneven membrane thickening. This accounts for the paradoxical observation that thicker membranes exhibit lower encapsulation and rejection rates. Building on a comprehensive understanding of membrane formation dynamics, an AI model that can predict performance with high precision was developed. Furthermore, universal regulation strategies can increase the encapsulation efficiency and rejection rate by 32.3-54.8% and 6.8-23.9%, respectively. This study provides both theoretical basis and technical approaches for designing high-performance microcapsule and separation membrane.
查看更多>>摘要：Bacterial infections have become a serious public health concern, highlighting the urgent need for efficient and safe antibacterial strategies. Functional heterostructure materials combining photocatalytic and nanozyme activities hold great potential for developing novel antibacterial therapies. In this study, ultrasonically exfoliated two-dimensional (2D) CN (CN) nanosheets were employed as a substrate to uniformly load ultrasmall TiN (TN) nanoparticles, forming C_3N_4/TiN (CNT) heterojunctions. The introduction of TN increased the specific surface area, stabilized the interface, and induced significant charge redistribution and orbital hybridization, thereby enhancing the separation and transport of photogenerated carriers and improving photocatalytic reaction kinetics. Peroxidase-like activity evaluation revealed that CNT exhibited markedly accelerated H_2O_2 decomposition under light, with lower reaction barriers, strong reactive oxygen species generation, and high substrate affinity. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of photocatalysis and nanozyme activity, the material efficiently killed chloramphenicol-resistant Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vitro, disrupted bacterial structures, and inhibited biofilm formation. In vivo, the system achieved nearly complete bacterial clearance, promoted inflammation resolution, collagen deposition, and epidermal regeneration, enabling wound healing within nine days. This work reports a scalable, safe, and effective photocatalytic-nanozyme antibacterial platform for treating refractory skin infections.
查看更多>>摘要：Edge dislocations effectively scatter phonons, leading to exceptionally low lattice thermal conductivity (κ_(lat)) and thus invoke extensive research toward enhancing thermoelectric performance. However, it also severely reduces carrier mobility (µ_H), which ultimately limits overall thermoelectric efficiency. Herein, we build a unified framework that elucidates the impact of dislocations on electronic and thermal transport. We reveal that the charged space surrounding dislocations suppresses µ_H through carrier trapping and scattering. This insight offers a new degree of freedom to design thermoelectric materials by utilizing the electrostatic environment near dislocations. By directly mapping µ_H, κ_(lat), and the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) against dislocation density (N_(dis)) and carrier concentration (n_H) in n-type PbSe, we predict a maximum ZT ~1.28 at N_(dis) ~3.2 × 10~(11) cm~(-2) and n_H ~2.9 × 10~(19) cm~(-3). Experimentally, Cu_(0.004)Pb_(0.9)Ge_(0.05)Sb_(0.033)Se with N_(dis) ~5 × 10~(11) cm~(-2) conforms well to the theoretical prediction, achieving a ZT of ~1.3 at 773 K and surpasses previously reported values for PbSe embedded with dislocations. This work advances dislocation engineering from empirical trial-and-error toward a predictive strategy for designing high-performance thermoelectric materials.
查看更多>>摘要：Drug-resistant biofilm infections pose a critical global health challenge, demanding innovative therapies. We developed a butterfly-shaped aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen), 4TPE-DTB, as a potent photothermal agent for biofilm eradication. Encapsulating 4TPE-DTB into pH-responsive Cu~(2+)-tannic acid nanoparticles (CTNPs) yielded a synergistic platform (DTB@CTNPs) combining mild photothermal therapy (PTT) with controlled Cu~(2+) release. DTB@CTNPs exhibited strong bacterial membrane adhesion and acid-triggered Cu~(2+) release, specifically targeting biofilm microenvironments. 4TPE-DTB enabled NIR-Ⅱ imaging-guided therapy, permitting real-time infection localization while generating localized hyperthermia under 808 nm irradiation. The photothermal effect disrupted bacterial membranes, enhancing intracellular Cu~(2+) influx and antibacterial efficacy. In vitro, DTB@ CTNPs eradicated mature biofilms at low doses. In vivo, they effectively treated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) abscesses and Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis, demonstrating superior antibiofilm performance. This work presents a multifunctional nanoplatform synergizing AIEgen-mediated mild PTT and Cu~(2+) delivery, achieving potent bactericidal activity with minimal cytotoxicity. The strategy addresses a pressing unmet need in combating drug-resistant biofilm infections.
Aldona MzykEzgi YilmazGiovanni D AngeloKirstine Berg-Sorensen...
e28248.1-e28248.14页
查看更多>>摘要：Despite a growing recognition of endo-lysosomes as key regulators of cellular homeostasis, our understanding of their functional dynamics during cellular senescence, particularly in cardiac fibrosis, remains limited. Senescent cells exhibit profound changes in endo-lysosomal redox status and iron dynamics, yet tracking these alterations in real time within living cells poses significant challenges. Conventional biochemical assays often lack spatial resolution and temporal sensitivity, while fluorescent probes can be hampered by photobleaching or interference from the complex endo-lysosomal microenvironment. This has created a need for non-invasive, high-resolution tools. In this context, nanodiamonds containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers offer a promising solution for in vitro cell culture models. These quantum sensors are biocompatible, photostable, and capable of detecting changes in redox and iron dynamics at the nanoscale during the progression of senescence and fibrosis. In this work, we have shown that fluorescent nanodiamonds with NV centers could open new avenues for understanding how endo-lysosomal activity changes during cardiac fibroblasts transdifferentiation to senescent myofibroblasts upon mechanical and biochemical stimulation.
查看更多>>摘要：Although rutile RuO_2 has been a well-known and almost the best oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst, the OER properties for the similar rutile oxide OsO_2 with the same group element with Ru have been unknown, mainly due to long-standing synthesis difficulties. In this work, we report the successful synthesis of high-quality OsO_2 single crystals, and the ground micrometer-size single crystals are chemically stable in alkaline solutions and exhibit robust OER performance. In sharp contrast, OsO_2 nanopowder reacts quickly with KOH solutions and cannot work for OER. Compared with commercial RuO_2 nanopowder, the OsO_2 single crystals show comparable catalytic current densities, remarkably lower overpotentials at high current densities and better stability. These findings question the universal applicability of nanoscaling and highlight crystal integrity as a key descriptor for achieving stable and efficient OER electrocatalysis.
查看更多>>摘要：The clinical efficacy of current immunotherapeutic approaches remained to be constrained by the profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). To overcome these obstacles, this study developed a synergistic nanoplatform, HA-V-9302@ZIF (HVZ), that synergized pyroptosis induction and metabolic reprogramming. This hyaluronic acid-cloaked system exploited the enzymatic and acidic TME to synchronously release Zn~(2+) from the ZIF-8 core and the ASCT-2 inhibitor V-9302. Pyroptosis induced by Zn~(2+)-triggered caspase-1/GSDMD signal released damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), thereby igniting inflammation and recruiting neutrophils. Simultaneously, metabolic reprogramming by V-9302 blocked tumor glutamine/leucine uptake, which created a TME leucine niche to drive neutrophil differentiation into antigen-presenting CD74~+ subsets, and conserved glutamine to revitalize cDC1 function. Crucially, pyroptosis-driven inflammation provided a triggering factor of innate immunity, meanwhile HVZ mediated metabolic regulation, empowering the antigen presentation of neutrophils and cDC1s, subsequently activating CTLs. Consequently, pyroptosis-evoked-CTLs secreted the granzyme B (GzmB), further inducing the pyroptosis by GzmB/GSDME signal, which established a positive feedback cycle against tumor. The synergistic interplay of pyroptosis-driven immune cell recruitment and immunometabolic reprogramming effectively broke the barriers of antitumor immunity and potentiating immunotherapy responses in vitro and in vivo. This study provided a new perspective for the design of immunotherapy strategies based on pyroptosis and metabolic regulation.
查看更多>>摘要：The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves complex immune and inflammatory processes, among which the self-amplifying inflammatory feedback loop between macrophages and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) within the rheumatoid arthritis microenvironment (RAM) is a key factor driving disease progression, fundamentally linked to immune system hyperactivation. Addressing this pathological mechanism, we present a hydrogen-photothermal combinatorial therapy approach through a near-infrared (NIR)-activated nanocomposite platform engineered for concurrent hydrogen evolution and photothermal conversion. The nanocomposite platform comprises a UIO-66-NH_2 metal-organic framework (MOF) matrix strategically integrated with upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS_2) nanosheets (UCNP@MOF/MoS_2), creating an optimized NIR-responsive system. Under NIR irradiation, UCNPs convert photons to UV/visible light, activating both MOF for photocatalytic hydrogen production and MoS_2 for photothermal effects. The released hydrogen scavenges ROS, reduces oxidative stress, and polarizes pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages toward anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes. Concurrently, the combined therapy suppresses immune hyperactivation and inflammatory cell infiltration. This dual approach disrupts the M1 macrophage-FLS inflammatory feedback loop in the RA microenvironment. In RA rat models, the treatment reduced joint swelling, synovial hyperplasia, and cartilage damage while restoring microenvironmental balance. These results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of hydrogen-photothermal combinatorial therapy for RA.
NETL
NSTL
Wiley