查看更多>>摘要:In 2024, the UK's Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors (CIEHF) celebrated its 75th anniversary. Originally formed in 1949 as the Ergonomics Research Society by a group of distinguished physiologists and psychologists (hosted by Hywel Murrell and including the likes of Frederic Bartlett and Donald Broadbent), it was the first such professional body in the world. Some thirty years later, the organisation simplified its name to the Ergonomics Society, acknowledging the growing applied practice of ergonomics. Then, in 2009, it was renamed again to the Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors, in acceptance of the widespread interchangeability of both terms. Finally, in 2014, it was awarded a Royal Charter to become the CIEHF.
Paul M. SalmonCatherine BurnsSuzy BroadbentSatyan Chari...
759-775页
查看更多>>摘要:As the UK's Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors (CIEHF) celebrates its 75th anniversary, it is worth reflecting on our discipline's contribution, current state, and critical future endeavours. We present the perspectives of 18 EHF professionals who were asked to respond to five questions regarding the impact of EHF, contemporary challenges, and future directions. Co-authors were in agreement that EHF's impact has been only limited to date and that critical issues require resolution, such as increasing the number of suitably qualified practitioners, resolving the research-practice gap, and increasing awareness of EHF and its benefits. Frequently discussed future directions include advanced emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, the development of new EHF methods, and enhancing the quality and reach of education and training. The majority felt there will be a need for EHF in 75 years; however, many noted that our methods will need to adapt to meet new needs.
查看更多>>摘要:This paper presents a constructive view of Human Factors/Ergonomics (HFE) and its implications regarding work, organisations and HFE interventions. In contrast to a defensive approach to HFE, which would view work mostly as a source of constraints, and the role of HFE as reducing these constraints, the goal of constructive ergonomics is to eliminate obstacles hindering success and development and to maximise opportunities for acting and learning. After having developed the concept and the methods of enabling interventions, as well as their consequences on the role of ergonomists, two enabling interventions are presented to illustrate the implementation of the constructive approach in real work settings. The discussion advocates a conception of development as a fact, a means and a goal of HFE interventions, and emphasises the maieutic role of ergonomists.
Louis GaleyAdelaide NascimentoLucie CuvelierVanina Mollo...
791-812页
查看更多>>摘要:This article brings together works on the concept of constructed safety in ergonomics, carried out over the last twenty-five years. Firstly, we situate this approach to safety in relation to previously developed existing models (e.g. regulated and managed safety) with regard to the development of activity-centred ergonomics. We then present six research actions in activity-centred ergonomics from a selection of different fields, from small companies to the industry of the future in an international group: public works, hospitals, aeronautical industry, railway transport, agriculture, and chemical industry, in order to describe constructed safety applications. The results highlight that constructed safety is respectively raised by mutual knowledge between workers and management, collective decision making, collective reflexive work on safety rules, spatiotemporal articulation of the different safety sources, knowledge integration on pesticide exposure situations by designers and regulation, social regulation sustaining risk understanding and safety aspect involving a diversity of actors (workers, preventionists, managers, local residents and public authorities). By focusing on the analysis of actual safety practices in real work and real exposure situations, constructed safety aims to account for the way in which safety is deployed on a daily basis to meet production and health objectives. This understanding contributes to the design of safe work systems in a developmental way and to propose an operating model of constructed safety.
查看更多>>摘要:This paper presents the developmental foundation of Activity-Centered Ergonomics (ACE) that has been shaped by both: (1) a critique of conceptions of work and of its organisation in relation to economic and political models of development, and (2) developmental approaches to understand and to act on activity and work situations at different levels (individual, collective, organisational, and territorial). To do so, we examine some key reference works for ACE over 75years with regards to these two dimensions and the methods and developmental set ups proposed. We argue that ACE analytical and transformative goals give a considerable space to knowledge encounters and workers' activity. We conclude by briefly discussing some of the current ACE works seeking to expand research-action over time and level of action (geographical area and public policies), in order to address key societal issues, including sustainable work and development.
查看更多>>摘要:Ergonomics is evolving towards including a broader consideration of ecological and political factors in the design of work environments by adopting an interconnected systems paradigm, highlighting the importance of considering the ecological and political impacts of business. The emergence of 'green ergonomics' encourages sustainable human systems integrated in their natural environment, while respecting ethical values such as respect for human rights and diversity. On the one hand, this is leading to new areas of ergonomic research and intervention, such as energy management and corporate CSR, and on the other, to the need to develop specific skills to anticipate the future in innovative ways. For Human Factors and Ergonomics professionals (HF&E professionals), this means adopting prospective approaches that incorporate tools and methods to promote foresight, as well as creativity to imagine potential future work activities.
查看更多>>摘要:The growing interest in Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) centred work in the field of Ergonomics and Human Factors (EHF) can greatly benefit from Iris Young's Five Faces of Oppression theory, which details how well-intentioned systems can perpetuate harm in a number of ways. We call for a greater focus on systems of oppression in EHF research and practice along with increased collaboration with social sciences to tackle important societal issues. This article reviews the current state of research in the child welfare domain and provides examples for how cognitive engineering approaches can take inspiration from the social sciences to help create a more equitable future. These examples outline the potential mutualism between social sciences and EHF and the way this collaboration might dismantle various oppressive systems.
查看更多>>摘要:There is a lack of a clear and consistent definition of human-centricity in Industry 5.0. This study identified the definition of human-centricity in Industry 5.0 through a systematic literature review and used it to assess the readiness of Ergonomics/Human Factors communities in the UK. The assessment of the communities readiness was conducted by reviewing UK accredited courses and events of three professional bodies; and interviewing practitioners (n=8). Eleven themes were identified as elements of human-centricity from the thematic analysis of 30 publications. Gaps that had to be addressed to better equip UK practitioners to support the realisation of human-centricity in Industry 5.0 were also identified.
Rebecca GrantEllie KingElla-Mae HubbardMark S. Young...
877-892页
查看更多>>摘要:The field of ergonomics and human factors (E/HF) has an urgent need for increased uptake of specialists to meet the growing demands of the sector and related industries employing ergonomists. In the absence of E/HF being part of the school curriculum, one way of achieving this is through public engagement activities. Specialists in E/HF are motivated by understanding people and interactions, inherent qualities in outreach and engagement, so we are well placed to practice what we preach by understanding our own users, the consumers of our science. In this paper, we present a curriculum map and museum exhibition model as part of ongoing work to develop a public exhibition, called Think Human', hosted at the Museum of Making in Derby, England, from September 2024, as part of ongoing work in timely celebration of the 75th anniversary of the UK's Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors (CIEHF).
查看更多>>摘要:Selling products in kit form to consumers benefits both manufacturers and consumers - provided the instructions enable the customer to assemble the components correctly and safely. Poor usability of some self-assembly instructions is a continuing cause of consumer complaints- but the subject of only occasional ergonomics research interest. Relevant studies are widely dispersed across the literature - and across decades - but their findings generally agree on what makes some self-assembly illustrations more effective than others. This has just not been consolidated in any formally recognised guidance. This study has produced a comprehensive review of published work on the usability of self-assembly instructions (which need to convey most information pictorially) and makes detailed recommendations for best practice in their presentation. The evidence for the recommended best practices discussed in this paper will be reflected in the publication of an international standard that which is currently in the final drafting stages.