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海洋生命科学与技术（英文）
海洋生命科学与技术（英文）
海洋生命科学与技术（英文）/Journal Marine Life Science & TechnologyCSCDSCI
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    Exploring the biogeography,morphology,and phylogeny of the condylostomatid ciliates(Alveolata,Ciliophora,Heterotrichea),with establishment of four new Condylostoma species and a revision including redescriptions of five species found in China

    Yong ChiFan WeiDanxu TangChangjun Mu...
    365-404页
    查看更多>>摘要：Species of the ciliate class Heterotrichea Stein,1859 are a cosmopolitan group of unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms,many of which have been widely used as models in various fields of research such as regenerative biology,functional ecol-ogy,environmental toxicology,and symbiotic behavior.However,species identification in the heterotrich family Condylos-tomatidae,especially the most species-rich and type genus Condylostoma Bory de Saint-Vincent,1824,remains challenging due to incomplete original descriptions,few reliable distinguishing characters,and overlapping features between different species.This study presents an updated revision of Condylostoma and its related genus Condylostomides da Silva Neto,1994 based on descriptions of five species,including nine populations collected from China,using both morphological and molecular methods.The main findings are as follows:(1)43 nominal species and about 130 populations are reviewed,result-ing in the recognition of 30 valid species of Condylostoma and eight valid species of Condylostomides;(2)keys,synonyms,biogeographic distributions and amended/improved diagnoses of all valid species are provided;(3)based on the available data,four new Condylostoma species(C.marinum sp.nov.,C.petzi sp.nov.,C.villeneuvei sp.nov.,and C.microstomum sp.nov.),one new combination(Condylostomides minimus(Dragesco,1954)comb.nov.& nom.corr.),and two corrected names(Condylostoma ancestrale Villeneuve-Brachon,1940 nom.corr.and Condylostomides nigrus(Dragesco,1960)nom.corr.)are suggested;(4)cryptic species are detected and proposed for the first time to form the Condylostoma curvum spe-cies complex;(5)three highly confusing Condylostoma species,C.kris,C.spatiosum,and C.minutum,are redefined for the first time based on modern taxonomic methods;(6)a'flagship'species,Condylostomides coeruleus,is recorded for the first time from the continent of Asia,substantially expanding its biogeography;(7)ciliature adjacent to the distal end of the paroral membrane within the family Condylostomatidae is uniformly defined as frontal membranelles and is classified into three patterns according to the arrangement of kinetosomes,which serve as important key features.
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    Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans(phylum Bryozoa,class Gymnolaemata):crystallography and secretion patterns

    Christian GrenierErika GriesshaberWolfgang SchmahlBjörn Berning...
    405-424页
    查看更多>>摘要：Gymnolaemata bryozoans produce CaCO3 skeletons of either calcite,aragonite,or both.Despite extensive research,their crystallography and biomineralization patterns remain unclear.We present a detailed study of the microstructures,min-eralogy,and crystallography of eight extant cheilostome species using scanning electron microscopy,electron backscatter diffraction,atomic force microscopy,and micro-computed tomography.We distinguished five basic microstructures,three calcitic(tabular,irregularly platy,and granular),and two aragonitic(granular-platy and fibrous).The calcitic microstruc-tures consist of crystal aggregates that transition from tabular or irregularly platy to granular assemblies.Fibrous aragonite consists of fibers arranged into spherulites.In all cases,the crystallographic textures are axial,and stronger in aragonite than in calcite,with the c-axis as the fiber axis.We reconstruct the biomineralization sequence in the different species by considering the distribution and morphology of the growth fronts of crystals and the location of the secretory epithelium.In bimineralic species,calcite formation always predates aragonite formation.In interior compound walls,growth proceeds from the cuticle toward the zooecium interior.We conclude that,with the exception of tabular calcite,biomineralization is remote and occurs within a relatively wide extrapallial space,which is consistent with the inorganic-like appearance of the microstructures.This biomineralization mode is rare among invertebrates.
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    Comparative analysis of 12 water lily plastid genomes reveals genomic divergence and evolutionary relationships in early flowering plants

    Weicai SongWenbo ShiHuan WangZirui Zhang...
    425-441页
    查看更多>>摘要：The aquatic plant Nymphaea,a model genus of the early flowering plant lineage Nymphaeales and family Nymphaeaceae,has been extensively studied.However,the availability of chloroplast genome data for this genus is incomplete,and phylogenetic relationships within the order Nymphaeales remain controversial.In this study,12 chloroplast genomes of Nymphaea were assembled and analyzed for the first time.These genomes were 158,290-160,042 bp in size and contained 113 non-repeat genes,including 79 protein-coding genes,30 tRNA genes,and four rRNA genes.We also report on codon usage,RNA editing sites,microsatellite structures,and new repetitive sequences in this genus.Comparative genomics revealed that expansion and contraction of IR regions can lead to changes in the gene numbers.Additionally,it was observed that the highly variable regions of the chloroplast genome were mainly located in intergenic regions.Furthermore,the phylogenetic tree showed the order Nymphaeales was divided into three families,and the genus Nymphaea can be divided into five(or three)subgenera,with the subgenus Nymphaea being the oldest.The divergence times of nymphaealean taxa were analyzed,with origins of the order Nymphaeales and family Nymphaeaceae being about 194 and 131 million years,respectively.The results of the phylo-genetic analysis and estimated divergence times will be useful for future evolutionary studies of basal angiosperm lineages.
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    Multi-gene-based investigation on the molecular phylogeny of the hypotrichous family Strongylidiidae(Protista,Ciliophora),with notes on the ontogeny of a new genus and new species

    Wenya SongShijing ZhangYuqing LiHonggang Ma...
    442-461页
    查看更多>>摘要：Ciliates in the subclass Hypotrichia have long been difficult to classify as they are one of the most polymorphic and highly differentiated groups,leading to their systematics remaining unresolved.Phylogenetic relationships within the hypotrich family Strongylidiidae have been ambiguous due to discordance between the morphological and genetic data.In this study,a new strongylidiid genus Heterouroleptus is established,mainly based on the novel mode of origin of the ventral cirral rows:left ventral cirral row(LVR)originates from frontal-ventral-transverse cirral anlagen(FVTA)Ⅲ(anterior portion),Ⅳ(middle portion),and Ⅴ(rear portion);right ventral cirral row comes from the entire FVTA Ⅵ.A new species,Hetero-uroleptus weishanensis gen.nov.,sp.nov.,is investigated along with the morphometric and molecular data from a population of Strongylidium wuhanense.Eight new sequences and nuclear gene markers(single-gene and multi-gene)are provided to analyze the phylogenetic relationships of strongylidiids,with the COI gene utilized to uncover further genetic information at species level and below.The results reveal that:(1)Strongylidiidae is monophyletic and has a close relationship with Dorsomarginalia;(2)Heterouroleptus gen.nov.forms a clade that is sister to all the other strongylidiids;(3)Hemiamphisiella Foissner,1988 and Pseudouroleptus Hemberger,1985 should not be synonyms,and both genera should be subdivided due to their variable morphological characteristics;(4)LVR originating from three anlagen is a plesiomorphy of Strongylidiidae.The discovery of the origin of the LVR not only contributes to the establishment of the genus Heterouroleptus,but also helps to improve the diagnosis of the family Strongylidiidae.
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    Pufferfish gasdermin Ea is a significant player in the defense against bacterial pathogens

    Hang XuKunpeng QinKangwei HaoZihao Yuan...
    462-474页
    查看更多>>摘要：Gasdermins(GSDMs)are proteins cleaved by caspase(CASP)to trigger pyroptosis.In teleosts,pyroptosis is mediated by gasdermin E(GSDME).The Pufferfish,Takifugu rubripes,possesses two GSDME orthologs:named TrGSDMEa and TrGSDMEb.TrGSDMEa is cleaved by CASP3/7 to liberate the N-terminal(NT)domain that can trigger pyroptosis in mammalian cells.However,the biological function of TrGSDMEa in pufferfish is unknown,and TrGSDMEb is poorly studied.We found that TrGSDMEb was cleaved by CASP1/3/6/7/8,but the resulting NT domain,despite its similarity to TrGSDMEa-NT domain in sequence and structure,failed to induce pyroptosis.TrGSDMEa and TrGSDMEb exhibited similar expression patterns in pufferfish under normal physiological conditions but were up-and downregulated,respectively,in expression during Vibrio harveyi and Edwardsiella tarda infection.Bacterial infection induced the activation of TrGSDMEa and CASP3/7 in pufferfish cells,resulting in pyroptosis accompanied with IL-1β production and maturation.Inhibition of TrGSDMEa-mediated pyroptosis via TrCASP3/7 reduced the death of pufferfish cells and augmented bacterial dissemina-tion in fish tissues.Structure-oriented mutagenesis identified 16 conserved residues in teleost GSDMEa that were required for the pore formation or auto-inhibition of GSDMEa.This study illustrates the role of GSDMEa-mediated pyroptosis in teleost defense against bacterial pathogens and provides new insights into the structure-based function of vertebrate GSDME.
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    Pichia pastoris composition expressed aerolysin mutant of Aeromonas veronii as an oral vaccine evaluated in zebrafish(Danio rerio)

    Yuan-Yuan YaoQing-Shuang ZhangShu-Bin LiuHong-Wei Yang...
    475-487页
    查看更多>>摘要：Vaccines are one of the most practical means to stop the spreading of Aeromonas veronii in aquaculture.In this study,virulence factor aerolysin mutant NTaer which has lost its hemolytic activity was used as a target antigen.Pichia pastoris constitutive secretory expression NTaer(GS115-NTaer)was used as a potential safe oral vaccine to evaluate its effective-ness on zebrafish immunity.The result shows that vaccination of GS115-NTaer for four weeks did not affect the growth performance of the host,while eliciting an effective immune protective response.Compared with the control group,the GS115-NTaer could significantly up-regulate the relative expression level of the intestinal tight junction protein 1α(TJP1α)gene,and significantly increased the contents of lysozyme(LYZ),complement C3 and C4 in the gut,indicating that the innate immune response of the fish was activated.The relative gene expression levels of macrophage-expressed gene 1(MPEG1)and T cell receptor(TCR-α)in the gut,and MPEG1,CD4,CD8,TCR-α,GATA3,and T-bet in the spleen were all increased significantly,indicating that the cellular immune response of the fish was activated.Furthermore,the contents of serum IgM and intestinal mucosa IgZ antibodies were significantly increased,which showed that humoral immunity was also activated.Moreover,inoculation with GS115-NTaer significantly changed the structure of gut microbiota.In particular,the relative ratio of(Firmicutes+Fusobacteriota+Bacteroidota)/Proteobacteria was significantly higher than that of the control and GS115 groups.Lastly,the vaccinated fish were challenged with A.veronii,and the relative percent survival of GS115 and the GS115-NTear groups was 14.28％and 33.43％.This improvement of immunity was not only due to the specific immune response but also attributed to the improvement of innate immunity and the gut microbiota which was demonstrated by the germ-free zebrafish model.Collectively,this study provides information on the effectiveness of GS115-NTear as an oral vaccine for the green prevention and control of A.veronii infection in fish aquaculture.
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    Examination of wnt signaling mediated melanin transport and shell color formation in Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas)

    Yue MinQi LiHong YuShaojun Du...
    488-501页
    查看更多>>摘要：Mollusca exhibit remarkable diversity in shell coloration,attributed to the presence of melanin,a widely distributed pigment with various essential roles,such as mechanical strengthening,antioxidation and thermoregulation.However,the regulatory network governing melanogenesis and melanin transport in molluscs remains poorly understood.In this study,we conducted a systematic analysis of melanin distribution and transport in the Pacific oyster,utilizing light microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.In addition,we characterized CgWnt1 and CgWnt2b-a in Crassostrea gigas,and analyzed Wnt signaling in melanocyte formation.Expression analysis revealed that these genes were predominantly expressed in the mantle of black-shelled individuals,particularly in the outer fold of the mantle.Furthermore,we employed RNA interference and inhibitors to specifically inhibit Wnt signaling in both in vivo and in vitro.The results revealed impaired melanogenesis and diminished tyrosinase activity upon Wnt signaling inhibition.These findings suggest the crucial role of Wnt ligands and downstream factors in melanogenesis.In summary,our study provides valuable insights into the regulatory mechanism of shell pigmentation in C.gigas.By demonstrating the promotion of melanogenesis through Wnt signaling modulation,we contribute to a better understanding of the complex processes underlying molluscan melanin production and shell coloration.
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    Discovery of a potential bladder cancer inhibitor CHNQD-01281 by regulating EGFRand promoting infiltration of cytotoxic T cells

    Jian-Yu LiuYao-Yao JiangPeng-Jie LiBo Yao...
    502-514页
    查看更多>>摘要：As one of the common malignancies that threaten human life,bladder cancer occurs frequently with a high mortality rate in the world,due to its invasion,recurrence and drug resistance.Natural products from marine microorganisms are becoming the hotspots in discovery of new candidate drug entities,especially in the area of cancer.Brefeldin A(BFA)is a natural Arf-GEFs inhibitor,but due to the low aqueous solubility,strong toxicity,and poor bioavailability,it is urgent to conduct structural optimization research.Herein,a new BFA pyridine acrylate derivative CHNQD-01281 with improved solubility was prepared and found to exert moderate to strong antiproliferative activity on a variety of human cancer cell lines.It was noteworthy that CHNQD-01281 was most sensitive to two bladder cancer cell lines T24 and J82(IC50=0.079 and 0.081 μmol/L)with high selectivity index(SI=14.68 and 14.32),suggesting a superior safety to BFA.In vivo studies revealed that CHNQD-01281 remarkably suppressed tumor growth in a T24 nude mice xenograft model(TGI=52.63％)and prolonged the survival time(ILS=68.16％)in an MB49 allogeneic mouse model via inducing infiltration of cytotoxic T cells.Further mechanism exploration indicated that CHNQD-01281 regulated both EGFR/PI3K/AKT and EGFR/ERK pathways and mediated the chemotactic effect of chemokines on immune effector cells.Overall,CHNQD-01281 may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for bladder cancer through multiple mechanisms.
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    The potent osteo-inductive capacity of bioinspired brown seaweed-derived carbohydrate nanofibrous three-dimensional scaffolds

    Zahra Dadashi OuranjSaadi HosseiniAtefeh AlipourShahin Homaeigohar...
    515-534页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study aimed to investigate the osteo-inductive capacity of a fucoidan polysaccharide network derived from brown algae on human adipose-derived stem cells(HA-MSCs)for bone regeneration.The physiochemical properties of the scaffold including surface morphology,surface chemistry,hydrophilicity,mechanical stiffness,and porosity were thoroughly charac-terized.Both in vitro and in vivo measurements implied a superior cell viability,proliferation,adhesion,and osteo-inductive performance of obtained scaffolds compared to using specific osteogenic induction medium with increased irregular growth of calcium crystallites,which mimic the structure of natural bones.That scaffold was highly biocompatible and suitable for cell cultures.Various examinations,such as quantification of mineralization,alkaline phosphatase,gene expression,and immunocytochemical staining of pre-osteocyte and bone markers confirmed that HAD-MSCs differentiate into osteoblasts,even without an osteogenic induction medium.This study provides evidence for the positive relationship and synergistic effects between the physical properties of the decellularized seaweed scaffold and the chemical composition of fucoidan in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of HA-MSCs.Altogether,the natural matrices derived from brown seaweed offers a sustainable,cost-effective,non-toxic bioinspired scaffold and holds promise for future clinical applications in orthopedics.
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    Matrine-loaded self-adhesive swelling microneedle for inflammation regulation to improve eczema treatment

    Jiale ShenJiarui WangMeng WuYan Shi...
    535-546页
    查看更多>>摘要：Eczema is a common chronic dermatological disease.Conventional treatments exhibit limited efficacy due to fast drug release resulting in short-term relief.Development of a new treatment strategy that enables sustained drug release and long-term maintenance on the skin surface is necessary.A self-adhesive swelling microneedle patch(SDSMNs)was designed and constructed using a two-step casting method.The adhesive substrate was prepared by blending gelatin and dopamine via oxidation of NaIO4,so it could adhere onto the skin surface as well as withstand repeated bending movement without detachment.The swelling needles were fabricated using polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),which could swell by absorbing interstitial fluid and release the drug in a controlled manner.SDSMNs also showed desirable anti-bacterial activities toward E.coli and S.aureus.The adhesive microneedles loaded with matrine(MAT-SDSMNs),an anti-inflammatory Chinese medicine,dramatically relieved eczema symptoms through IL-17 mediated inflammation responses.The use of MAT-SDSMNs significantly decreased the infiltration of inflammation cells and level of inflammatory cytokines,reduced the skin thickness,and increased collagen deposition fraction compared with conventional ointment or subcutaneous injection.The results suggested that MAT-SDSMNs can improve eczema treatment by regulating the local inflammatory microenvironment,providing a simple,self-administered sustainable strategy for eczema treatment.
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