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科学通报（英文版）
科学通报（英文版）

周光召

旬刊

1001-6538

csb@scichina.com

010-64036120

100717

北京东黄城根北街16号

科学通报（英文版）/Journal Chinese Science BulletinEISCI
查看更多>>《科学通报》创刊于1950年，是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社承办的自然科学综合性学术刊物，报道自然科学各学科基础理论和应用研究方面具有创新性和和高水平的、具有重要意义的最新研究成果，要求文章的可读性强，能在一个比较宽范的学术领域产生深刻的影响。我们的目标是：成为国内外读者了解中国乃至世界范围的自然科学各研究领域最新成果的主要窗口之一。《科学通报》进入了国际上主要检索系统，如CA，EI，日本《科技速报》和美国科学信息研究所（ISI）的以下系统：Science Citation Index(SCI-CDE)，SCISearch，Current Contents(PC&E)和Research Alert。
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    Biomimetic crystallization for long-pursued-COOH-functionalized gold nanocluster with near-infrared phosphorescence

    Wei-Dong TianWei-Dan SiShana HavenridgeChengkai Zhang...
    40-48页
    查看更多>>摘要：As an interdisciplinary product,water-soluble gold nanoclusters(AuNCs)stabilized by ligands containing carboxyl(-COOH)group have garnered significant attention from synthetic chemists and biologists due to their immense potential for biomedical applications.However,revealing the crystallographic struc-tures of-COOH-functionalized AuNCs remains a bottleneck.Herein,we successfully applied the salting-out method to obtain a series of high-quality single crystals of-COOH-functionalized Au25 nan-oclusters and revealed their crystallographic structures.Particularly,K3Au25(2-Hmna)9(mna)6]-(Au25a)protected by 2-mercaptonicotinic acid features an unprecedented tetrameric Au4(SRS)3(SRS,N)2 staple motifs surrounding the icosahedral Au13 kernel,breaking the traditional perception on the structure of Au25(SR)18.Au25a exhibits a distinct near-infrared emission at 970 nm with long lifetime of 8690 ns,which have been studied by transient absorption spectroscopy and time-dependent density functional theory.This work compensates for the research gap in the experimental structure of-COOH-functionalized AuNCs and opens up a new avenue to explore their structure-property correlations.
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    Oxygen-regulated spontaneous solid electrolyte interphase enabling ultra-stable solid-state Na metal batteries

    Keshuang CaoYufan XiaHaosheng LiHuiqin Huang...
    49-58页
    查看更多>>摘要：Solid-state sodium metal batteries utilizing inorganic solid electrolytes(SEs)hold immense potentials such as intrinsical safety,high energy density,and environmental sustainability.However,the interfacial inhomogeneity/instability at the anode-SE interface usually triggers the penetration of sodium dendrites into the electrolyte,leading to short circuit and battery failure.Herein,confronting with the original nonuniform and high-resistance solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)at the Na-Na3Zr2Si2PO12 interface,an oxygen-regulated SEI innovative approach is proposed to enhance the cycling stability of anode-SEs inter-face,through a spontaneous reaction between the metallic sodium(containing trace amounts of oxygen)and the Na3Zr2Si2PO12 SE.The oxygen-regulated spontaneous SEI is thin,uniform,and kinetically stable to facilitate homogenous interfacial Na+transportation.Benefitting from the optimized SEI,the assem-bled symmetric cell exhibits an ultra-stable sodium plating/stripping cycle for over 6600 h under a prac-tical capacity of 3 mAh cm-2.Quasi-solid-state batteries with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode deliver excellent cyclability over 500 cycles at a rate of 0.5 C(1 C=117 mA cm-2)with a high capacity retention of 95.4％.This oxygen-regulated SEI strategy may offer a potential avenue for the future development of high-energy-density solid-state metal batteries.
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    Diurnal regulation of alternative splicing associated with thermotolerance in rice by two glycine-rich RNA-binding proteins

    Chuang YangAnni LuoHai-Ping LuSeth Jon Davis...
    59-71页
    查看更多>>摘要：Rice(Oryza sativa L.)production is threatened by global warming associated with extreme high temper-atures,and rice heat sensitivity is differed when stress occurs between daytime and nighttime.However,the underlying molecular mechanism are largely unknown.We show here that two glycine-rich RNA binding proteins,OsGRP3 and OsGRP162,are required for thermotolerance in rice,especially at night-time.The rhythmic expression of OsGRP3/OsGRP162 peaks at midnight,and at these coincident times,is increased by heat stress.This is largely dependent on the evening complex component OsELF3-2.We next found that the double mutant of OsGRP3/OsGRP162 is strikingly more sensitive to heat stress in terms of survival rate and seed setting rate when comparing to the wild-type plants.Interestingly,the defect in thermotolerance is more evident when heat stress occurred in nighttime than that in day-time.Upon heat stress,the double mutant of OsGRP3/OsGRP162 displays globally reduced expression of heat-stress responsive genes,and increases of mRNA alternative splicing dominated by exon-skipping.This study thus reveals the important role of OsGRP3/OsGRP162 in thermotolerance in rice,and unravels the mechanism on how OsGRP3/OsGRP162 regulate thermotolerance in a diurnal manner.
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    Molecular mechanism governing RNA-binding property of mammalian TRIM71 protein

    Fandi ShiKun ZhangQixuan ChengShiyou Che...
    72-81页
    查看更多>>摘要：TRIM71 is an RNA-binding protein with ubiquitin ligase activity.Numerous functions of mammalian TRIM71,including cell cycle regulation,embryonic stem cell(ESC)self-renewal,and reprogramming of pluripotent stem cells,are related to its RNA-binding property.We previously reported that a long non-coding RNA(IncRNA)Trincr1 interacts with mouse TRIM71(mTRIM71)to repress FGF/ERK pathway in mouse ESCs(mESCs).Herein,we identify an RNA motif specifically recognized by mTRIM71 from Trincr1 RNA,and solve the crystal structure of the NHL domain of mTRIM71 complexed with the RNA motif.Similar to the zebrafish TRIM71,mTRIM71 binds to a stem-loop structured RNA fragment of Trincr1,and an adenosine base at the loop region is crucial for the mTRIM71 interaction.We map similar hairpin RNAs preferably bound by TRIM71 in the mRNA UTRs of the cell-cycle related genes regulated by TRIM71.Furthermore,we identify key residues of mTRIM71,conserved among mammalian TRIM71 pro-teins,required for the RNA-binding property.Single-site mutations of these residues significantly impair the binding of TRIM71 to hairpin RNAs in vitro and to mRNAs of Cdkn1a/p21 and Rbl2/p130 in mESCs.Furthermore,congenital hydrocephalus(CH)specific mutation of mTRIM71 impair its binding to the RNA targets as well.These results reveal molecular mechanism behind the recognition of RNA by mam-malian TRIM71 and provide insights into TRIM71 related diseases.
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    Mettl3-dependent m6A modification is essential for effector differentiation and memory formation of CD8+T cells

    Wenhui GuoZhao WangYajiao ZhangYashu Li...
    82-96页
    查看更多>>摘要：Efficient immune responses rely on the proper differentiation of CD8+T cells into effector and memory cells.Here,we show a critical requirement of N6-Methyladenosine(m6A)methyltransferase Mettl3 dur-ing CD8+T cell responses upon acute viral infection.Conditional deletion of Mettl3 in CD8+T cells impairs effector expansion and terminal differentiation in an m6A-dependent manner,subsequently affecting memory formation and the secondary response of CD8+T cells.Our combined RNA-seq and m6A-miCLIP-seq analyses reveal that Mettl3 deficiency broadly impacts the expression of cell cycle and tran-scriptional regulators.Remarkably,Mettl3 binds to the Tbx21 transcript and stabilizes it,promoting effec-tor differentiation of CD8+T cells.Moreover,ectopic expression of T-bet partially restores the defects in CD8+T cell differentiation in the absence of Mettl3.Thus,our study highlights the role of Mettl3 in reg-ulating multiple target genes in an m6A-dependent manner and underscores the importance of m6A mod-ification during CD8+T cell response.
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    Zircons reveal the history of fluctuations in oxidation state of crustal magmatism and supercontinent cycle

    Rui WangShao-chen WuRoberto F.WeinbergWilliam J.Collins...
    97-102页
    查看更多>>摘要：We apply a zircon redox index to a global compilation of detrital zircons to track the variation of oxida-tion state,expressed as △FMQ,through Earth's history.Those from I-type rocks,which comprise mantle and crustal igneous protoliths,including tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorites(TTGs),generally have a high oxidation state(△FMQ＞0).In contrast,zircons from igneous rocks derived from supracrustal source rocks(S-type)are commonly reduced(△FMQ＜0).With the probability density function derived from the Gaussian-Kernel-Density-Estimation,we use the maximum likelihood estimation(MLE)to distinguish S-type from I-type zircons through Earth's history using zircon redox.Voluminous S-type magma produc-tion shows a ca.600 Ma cyclicity that is closely related to the supercontinent cycle.We link a cyclic drop in redox values after 2.6 Ga to periodic S-type magma generation associated with burial and melting of metasedimentary rocks during supercontinent assembly and amalgamation.The △FMQ of the detrital zircons rise at～3.5 Ga followed by a consistent average △FMQ＞0 over the last 3 Ga.Given that the redox state of magmas is independent of crustal thickness and silica variation,and elevated values are likely more closely related to tectonic setting,we suggest that the consistent average △FMQ＞0 from ca.3.5 Ga onwards relates to recycling of oceanic lithosphere back into the mantle in what eventually became established as subduction zones.The more reduced magmas associated with sedimentary sources,became established at 2.6 Ga,presumably in response to continental rocks rising above sea-level,and follow peaks of productivity associated with the supercontinent cycle.
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    Forager-farmer transition at the crossroads of East and Southeast Asia 4900 years ago

    Minmin MaMinxia LuRui SunZhonghua Zhu...
    103-113页
    查看更多>>摘要：The southward expansion of East Asian farmers profoundly influenced the social evolution of Southeast Asia by introducing cereal agriculture.However,the timing and routes of cereal expansion in key regions are unclear due to limited empirical evidence.Here we report macrofossil,microfossil,multiple isotopic(C/N/Sr/O)and paleoproteomic data directly from radiocarbon-dated human samples,which were unearthed from a site in Xingyi in central Yunnan and which date between 7000 and 3300 a BP.Dietary isotopes reveal the earliest arrival of millet ca.4900 a BP,and greater reliance on plant and animal agriculture was indicated between 3800 and 3300 a BP.The dietary differences between hunter-gatherer and agricultural groups are also evident in the metabolic and immune system proteins analysed from their skeletal remains.The results of paleoproteomic analysis indicate that humans had divergent biolog-ical adaptations,with and without farming.The combined application of isotopes,archaeobotanical data and proteomics provides a new approach to documenting dietary and health changes across major sub-sistence transitions.
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    The carbon budget of China:1980-2021

    Xiaosheng XiaPeiyang RenXuhui WangDan Liu...
    114-124页
    查看更多>>摘要：As one of the world's largest emitters of greenhouse gases,China has set itself the ambitious goal of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.Therefore,it is crucial to quantify the magnitude and trend of sources and sinks of atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO2),and to monitor China's progress toward these goals.Using state-of-the-art datasets and models,this study comprehensively estimated the anthropogenic CO2 emissions from energy,industrial processes and product use,and waste along with natural sources and sinks of CO2 for all of China during 1980-2021.To recognize the differences among various methods of estimating greenhouse emissions,the estimates are compared with China's National Greenhouse Gas Inventories(NGHGIs)for 1994,2005,2010,2012,and 2014.Anthropogenic CO2 emis-sions in China have increased by 7.39 times from 1980 to 12.77 Gt CO2 a-1 in 2021.While benefiting from ecological projects(e.g.,Three Norths Shelter Forest System Project),the land carbon sink in China has reached 1.65 Gt CO2 a-1 averaged through 2010-2021,which is almost 15.81 times that of the carbon sink in the 1980s.On average,China's terrestrial ecosystems offset 14.69％±2.49％of anthropogenic CO2 emissions through 2010-2021.Two provincial-level administrative regions of China,Xizang and Qinghai,have achieved carbon neutrality according to our estimates,but nearly half of the administrative regions of China have terrestrial carbon sink offsets of less than 10％of anthropogenic CO2 emissions.This study indicated a high level of consistency between NGHGIs and various datasets used for estimating fos-sil CO2 emissions,but found notable differences for land carbon sinks.Future estimates of the terrestrial carbon sinks of NGHGIs urgently need to be verified with process-based models which integrate the com-prehensive carbon cycle processes.
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    Mxenes for membrane separation:from fabrication strategies to advanced applications

    Zhengyi HuangDie Ling ZhaoLiguo ShenHongjun Lin...
    125-140页
    查看更多>>摘要：Transition metal carbides/nitrides/carbonitrides,commonly referred to as MXenes,have gained wide-spread attention since their discovery in 2011 as a promising family of two-dimensional(2D)materials.Their impressive chemical,electrical,thermal,mechanical,and biological properties have fueled a surge in research focused on the synthesis and application of MXenes in various fields,including membrane-based separation.By engineering the materials and membrane structures,MXene-based membranes have demonstrated remarkable separation performance and added functionalities,such as antifouling and photocatalytic properties.In this review,we aim to have a timely and critical review of research on their fabrication strategy and performance in advanced molecular separation and ion exchange,begin-ning with a brief introduction of the preparation and physicochemical properties of MXenes.Finally,out-looks and future works are outlined with the aims to provide valuable insights and guidance for advancing membranes'applications in different separation domains.
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    Guide for Authors

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