查看更多>>摘要：We reconstruct the cosmological background evolution under the scenario of dynamical dark energy through the Gaussian process approach,using the latest Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument(DESI)bar-yon acoustic oscillations(BAO)combined with other observations.Our results reveal that the recon-structed dark-energy equation-of-state(EoS)parameter w(z)exhibits the so-called quintom-B behavior,crossing-1 from phantom to quintessence regime as the universe expands.We investigate under what sit-uation this type of evolution could be achieved from the perspectives of field theories and modified gravity.In particular,we reconstruct the corresponding actions forf(R),f(T),and f(Q)gravity,respectively.We explicitly show that,certain modified gravity can exhibit the quintom dynamics and fit the recent DESI data efficiently,and for all cases the quadratic deviation from the ACDM scenario is mildly favored.
查看更多>>摘要：One-dimensional(1D)semiconductor nanostructures exhibit exceptional performance in mitigating short-channel effects and ensuring low power consumption.However,the scarcity of high-mobility p-type 1D materials impedes further advancement.Molecular-based materials offer high designability in structure and properties,making them a promising candidate for 1D p-type semiconductor materials.A molecular-based 1D p-type material was developed under the guidance of coordination chemistry.Cu-HT(HT is the abbreviation of p-hydroxy thiophenol)combines the merits of highly orbital overlap between Cu and S,fully covered surface modification with phenol functional groups,and unique cupro-philic(Cu-Cu)interactions.As such,Cu-HT has a remarkable hole mobility of 27.2 cm2 V-1 s-1,which is one of the highest reported values for 1D molecular-based materials to date and even surpass those of commonly used amorphous silicon as well as the majority of 1D inorganic materials.This achievement underscores the significant potential of coordination polymers in optimizing carrier transport and repre-sents a major advancement in the synthesis of high-performance,1D p-type semiconductor materials.
查看更多>>摘要：Direct synthesis of graphene on nonmetallic substrates via chemical vapor deposition(CVD)has become a frontier research realm targeting transfer-free applications of CVD graphene.However,the stable mass production of graphene with a favorable growth rate and quality remains a grand challenge.Herein,gra-phene glass fiber fabric(GGFF)was successfully developed through the controllable growth of graphene on non-catalytic glass fiber fabric,employing a synergistic binary-precursor CVD strategy to alleviate the dilemma between growth rate and quality.The binary precursors consisted of acetylene and acetone,where acetylene with high decomposition efficiency fed rapid graphene growth while oxygen-containing acetone was adopted for improving the layer uniformity and quality.Notably,the bifurcating introducing-confluent premixing(BI-CP)system was self-built for the controllable introduction of gas and liquid precursors,enabling the stable production of GGFF.GGFF features solar absorption and infra-red emission properties,based on which the self-adaptive dual-mode thermal management film was developed.This film can automatically switch between heating and cooling modes by spontaneously perceiving the temperature,achieving excellent thermal management performances with heating and cooling power of～501.2 and～108.6 W m-2,respectively.These findings unlock a new strategy for the large-scale batch production of graphene materials and inspire advanced possibilities for further applications.
查看更多>>摘要：Soft and stretchable electronics have garnered significant attention in various fields,such as wearable electronics,electronic skins,and soft robotics.However,current wearable electronics made from mate-rials like conductive elastomers,hydrogels,and liquid metals face limitations,including low permeabil-ity,poor adhesion,inadequate conductivity,and limited stretchability.These issues hinder their effectiveness in long-term healthcare monitoring and exercise monitoring.To address these challenges,we introduce a novel design of web-droplet-like electronics featuring a semi-liquid metal coating for wearable applications.This innovative design offers high permeability,excellent stretchability,strong adhesion,and good conductivity for the electronic skin.The unique structure,inspired by the architecture of a spider web,significantly enhances air permeability compared to commercial breathable patches.Furthermore,the distribution of polyborosiloxane mimics the adhesive properties of spider web mucus,while the use of semi-liquid metals in this design results in remarkable conductivity(9 x 106 S/m)and tensile performance(up to 850％strain).This advanced electronic skin technology enables long-term monitoring of various physiological parameters and supports machine learning recognition functions with unparalleled advantages.This web-droplet structure design strategy holds great promise for com-mercial applications in medical health monitoring and disease diagnosis.
查看更多>>摘要：Brain aging is typically associated with a significant decline in cognitive performance.Vascular risk fac-tors(VRF)and subsequent atherosclerosis(AS)play a major role in this process.Brain resilience reflects the brain's ability to withstand external perturbations,but the relationship of brain resilience with cog-nition during the aging process remains unclear.Here,we investigated how brain topological resilience(BTR)is associated with cognitive performance in the face of aging and vascular risk factors.We used data from two cross-ethnicity community cohorts,PolyvasculaR Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Events(PRECISE,n=2220)and Sydney Memory and Ageing Study(MAS,n=246).We conducted an attack simulation on brain structural networks based on k-shell decomposition and node degree cen-trality.BTR was defined based on changes in the size of the largest subgroup of the network during the simulation process.Subsequently,we explored the negative correlations of BTR with age,VRF,and AS,and its positive correlation with cognitive performance.Furthermore,using structural equation modeling(SEM),we constructed path models to analyze the directional dependencies among these variables,demonstrating that aging,AS,and VRF affect cognition by disrupting BTR.Our results also indicated the specificity of this metric,independent of brain volume.Overall,these findings underscore the sup-portive role of BTR on cognition during aging and highlight its potential application as an imaging marker for objective assessment of brain cognitive performance.
查看更多>>摘要：Chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for cancer,but its systemic toxicity can be severe.Tumor-selective prodrug activation offers promising opportunities to reduce systemic toxicity.Here,we present a strategy for activating prodrugs using radiopharmaceuticals.This strategy enables the targeted release of chemotherapeutic agents due to the high tumor-targeting capability of radiopharmaceuticals.[18F]FDG(2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose),one of the most widely used radiopharmaceuticals in clinics,can trig-ger Pt(Ⅳ)complex for controlled release of axial ligands in tumors,it might be mediated by hydrated electrons generated by water radiolysis resulting from the decay of radionuclide 18F.Its application offers the controlled release of fluorogenic probes and prodrugs in living cells and tumor-bearing mice.Of note,an OxaliPt(Ⅳ)linker is designed to construct an[18F]FDG-activated antibody-drug conjugate(Pt-ADC).Sequential injection of Pt-ADC and[18F]FDG efficiently releases the toxin in the tumor and remarkably suppresses the tumor growth.Radiotherapy is booming as a perturbing tool for prodrug activation,and we find that[18F]FDG is capable of deprotecting various radiotherapy-removable protecting groups(RPGs).Our results suggest that tumor-selective radiopharmaceutical may function as a trigger,for devel-oping innovative prodrug activation strategies with enhanced tumor selectivity.
查看更多>>摘要：Extreme drought events have increased,causing serious losses and damage to the social economy under current warming conditions.However,short-term meteorological data limit our understanding and pro-jection of these extremes.With the accumulation of proxy data,especially tree-ring data,large-scale pre-cipitation field reconstruction has provided opportunities to explore underlying mechanisms further.Using point-by-point regression,we reconstructed the April-September precipitation field in China for the past～530 years on the basis of 590 proxy records,including 470 tree-ring width chronologies and 120 drought/flood indices.Our regression models explained average 50％of the variance in precipi-tation.In the statistical test on calibration and verification,our models passed the significance level that assured reconstruction quality.The reconstruction data performed well,showing consistency and better quality than previously reported reconstructions.The first three leading modes of variability in the recon-struction revealed the main distribution modes of precipitation over China.Wet/drought and extremely wet/drought years accounted for 12.81％/10.92％(68 years/58 years)and 1.69％/3.20％(9 years/17 years)of the past～530 years in China,respectively.Major extreme drought events can be identified explicitly in our reconstruction.The detailed features of the Chongzhen Great Drought(1637-1643),the Wanli Great Drought(1585-1590),and the Ding-Wu Great Famine(1874-1879),indicated the existence of poten-tially different underlying mechanisms that need further exploration.Although further improvements can be made for remote uninhabited areas and large deserts,our gridded reconstruction of April-September precipitation in China over the past～530 years can provide a solid database for studies on the attribution of climate change and the mechanism of extreme drought events.
查看更多>>摘要：Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of heatwaves,raising concerns about their detri-mental effects on air quality.However,a role for heatwave-human-environment interactions in air pol-lution exacerbation has not been established.In the summer of 2022,record-breaking heatwaves struck China and Europe.In this study,we use integrated observational data and machine learning to elucidate the formation mechanism underlying one of the most severe ozone pollution seasons on record in central eastern China,an area that encompasses approximately half of China's total population and sown land.Our findings reveal that the worsened ozone and nitrogen dioxide pollution resulted from a mismatch between energy demand and supply,which was driven by both heatwaves and energy policy-related fac-tors.The observed adverse heatwave-energy-environment feedback loop highlights the need for the diversification of clean energy sources,more resilient energy structures and power policies,and further emission control to confront the escalating climate challenge in the future.
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