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科学通报（英文版）
科学通报（英文版）

周光召

旬刊

1001-6538

csb@scichina.com

010-64036120

100717

北京东黄城根北街16号

科学通报（英文版）/Journal Chinese Science BulletinEISCI
查看更多>>《科学通报》创刊于1950年，是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社承办的自然科学综合性学术刊物，报道自然科学各学科基础理论和应用研究方面具有创新性和和高水平的、具有重要意义的最新研究成果，要求文章的可读性强，能在一个比较宽范的学术领域产生深刻的影响。我们的目标是：成为国内外读者了解中国乃至世界范围的自然科学各研究领域最新成果的主要窗口之一。《科学通报》进入了国际上主要检索系统，如CA，EI，日本《科技速报》和美国科学信息研究所（ISI）的以下系统：Science Citation Index(SCI-CDE)，SCISearch，Current Contents(PC&E)和Research Alert。
正式出版
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    Inferring the demographic history of Hexi Corridor over the past two millennia from ancient genomes

    Jianxue XiongRui WangGuoke ChenYishi Yang...
    606-611页
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Molecular characterization of diverse quinone analogs for discrimination of aerosol-bound persistent pyrolytic and photolytic radicals

    Laijin ZhongBao ZhuWenyuan SuWenqing Liang...
    612-620页
    查看更多>>摘要：Aerosol-bound organic radicals,including environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs),are key com-ponents that affect climate,air quality,and human health.While putative structures have been proposed,the molecular characteristics of EPFRs remain unknown.Here,we report a surrogate method to charac-terize EPFRs in real ambient samples using mass spectrometry.The method identifies chemically relevant oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(OxPAH)that interconvert with oxygen-centered EPFR(OC-EPFR).We found OxPAH compounds most relevant to OC-EPFRs are structurally rich and diverse qui-nones,whose diversity is strongly associated with OC-EPFR levels.Both atmospheric oxidation and com-bustion contributed to OC-EPFR formation.Redundancy analysis and photochemical aging model show pyrolytic sources generated more oxidized OC-EPFRs than photolytic sources.Our study reveals the detailed molecular characteristics of OC-EPFRs and shows that oxidation states can be used to identify the origins of OC-EPFRs,offering a way to track the development and evolution of aerosol particles in the environment.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
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    Neurological impairment is crucial for tire rubber-derived contaminant 6PPDQ-induced acute toxicity to rainbow trout

    Xiao-Liang LiaoZhi-Feng ChenShi-Ping OuQian-Yi Liu...
    621-635页
    查看更多>>摘要：N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine quinone(6PPDQ)has attracted significant atten-tion due to its highly acute lethality to sensitive salmonids.However,studies investigating the mecha-nisms underlying its acute toxicity have been lacking.In this work,we demonstrated the sensitivity of rainbow trout to 6PPDQ-induced mortality.Moribund trout exhibited significantly higher brain concen-trations of 6PPDQ compared to surviving trout.In an in vitro model using human brain microvascular endothelial cells,6PPDQ can penetrate the blood-brain barrier and enhance blood-brain barrier perme-ability without compromising cell viability.The time spent in the top of the tank increased with rising 6PPDQ concentrations,as indicated by locomotion behavior tests.Furthermore,6PPDQ influenced neuro-transmitter levels and mRNA expression of neurotransmission-related genes in the brain and exhibited strong binding affinity to target neurotransmission-related proteins using computational simulations.The integrated biomarker response value associated with neurotoxicity showed a positive linear correla-tion with trout mortality.These findings significantly contribute to filling the knowledge gap between neurological impairments and apical outcomes,including behavioral effects and mortality,induced by 6PPDQ.
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    Enhancing lipid peroxidation via radical chain transfer reaction for MRI guided and effective cancer therapy in mice

    Juntao XuGuoqiang GuanZhifei YeCheng Zhang...
    636-647页
    查看更多>>摘要：Lipid peroxidation(LPO),the process of membrane lipid oxidation,is a potential new form of cell death for cancer treatment.However,the radical chain reaction involved in LPO is comprised of the initiation,propagation(the slowest step),and termination stages,limiting its effectiveness in vivo.To address this limitation,we introduce the radical chain transfer reaction into the LPO process to target the propagation step and overcome the sluggish rate of lipid peroxidation,thereby promoting endogenous lipid peroxida-tion and enhancing therapeutic outcomes.Firstly,radical chain transfer agent(CTA-1)/Fe nanoparticles(CTA-Fe NPs-1)was synthesized.Notably,CTA-1 convert low activity peroxyl radicals(ROO·)into high activity alkoxyl radicals(RO·),creating the cycle of free radical oxidation and increasing the propagation of lipid peroxidation.Additionally,CTA-1/Fe ions enhance reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation,con-sume glutathione(GSH),and thereby inactivate GPX-4,promoting the initiation stage and reducing ter-mination of free radical reaction.CTA-Fe NPs-1 induce a higher level of peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lipid membranes,leading to highly effective treatment in cancer cells.In addition,CTA-Fe NPs-1 could be enriched in tumors inducing potent tumor inhibition and exhibit activatable T1-MRI con-trast of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).In summary,CTA-Fe NPs-1 can enhance intracellular lipid peroxidation by accelerating initiation,propagation,and inhibiting termination step,promoting the cycle of free radical reaction,resulting in effective anticancer outcomes in tumor-bearing mice.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Impacts of poverty eradication on carbon neutrality in China

    Xinlu SunZhifu MiHuibin DuD'Maris Coffman...
    648-660页
    查看更多>>摘要：China is facing challenges to tackle the threat of climate change while reducing social inequality.Poverty eradication requires improvement in the living conditions of low-income households,which leads in turn to higher carbon footprints and may undermine the efforts of climate change mitigation.Previous studies have assessed the climate impacts of poverty eradication,but few have quantified how the additional car-bon emissions of poverty eradication are shared at the subnational level in China and the impact on China's climate targets.We investigated the recent trend of carbon footprint inequality in China's pro-vinces and estimated the climate burden of different poverty reduction schemes,measured by increased carbon emissions.The results indicate that poverty eradication will not impede the achievement of national climate targets,with an average annual household carbon footprint increase of 0.1％-1.2％.However,the carbon emissions growth in less developed provinces can be 4.0％,five times that in wealthy regions.Less developed regions suffer a greater climate burden because of poverty eradication,which may offset carbon reduction efforts.Therefore,interregional collaboration is needed to coordinate inequality reduction with investments in low-carbon trajectories in all provinces.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Does a hydropower reservoir cascade really harm downstream nutrient regimes

    Qiuwen ChenYuchen ChenYuqing LinJianyun Zhang...
    661-670页
    查看更多>>摘要：River damming is believed to largely intercept nutrients,particularly retain more phosphorus(P)than nitrogen(N),and thus harm primary productivity,fishery catches,and food security downstream,which seriously constrain global hydropower development and poverty relief in undeveloped regions and can drive geo-political disputes between nations along trans-boundary rivers.In this study,we investigated whether reservoirs can instead improve nutrient regimes downstream.We measured different species of N and P as well as microbial functions in water and sediment of cascade reservoirs in the upper Mekong River over 5 years and modelled the influx and outflux of N and P species in each reservoir.Despite par-tially retaining total N and total P,reservoirs increased the downstream flux of ammonium and soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP).The increase in ammonium and SRP between outflux and influx showed pos-itive linear relationships with the hydraulic residence time of the cascade reservoirs;and the ratio of SRP to dissolved inorganic nitrogen increased along the reservoir cascade.The lentic environment of reser-voirs stimulated algae-mediated conversion of nitrate into ammonium in surface water;the hypoxic con-dition and the priming effect of algae-induced organic matter enhanced release of ammonium from sediment;the synergy of microbial phosphorylation,reductive condition and sediment geochemical properties increased release of SRP.This study is the first to provide solid evidence that hydropower reservoirs improve downstream nutrient bioavailability and N-P balance through a process of retention-transformation-transport,which may benefit primary productivity.These findings could advance our understanding of the eco-environmental impacts of river damming.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
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    Progress and perspectives of sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting for sustainable water generation:Materials,devices,and systems

    Zhaoyuan BaiPengfei WangJiaxing XuRuzhu Wang...
    671-687页
    查看更多>>摘要：Establishing alternative methods for freshwater production is imperative to effectively alleviate global water scarcity,particularly in land-locked arid regions.In this context,extracting water from the ubiquitous atmospheric moisture is an ingenious strategy for decentralized freshwater production.Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting(SAWH)shows strong potential for supplying liquid water in a portable and sustainable way even in desert environments.Herein,the latest progress in SAWH tech-nology in terms of materials,devices,and systems is reviewed.Recent advances in sorbent materials with improved water uptake capacity and accelerated sorption-desorption kinetics,including physical sor-bents,polymeric hydrogels,composite sorbents,and ionic solutions,are discussed.The thermal designs of SAWH devices for improving energy utilization efficiency,heat transfer,and mass transport are eval-uated,and the development of representative SAWH prototypes is clarified in a chronological order.Thereafter,state-of-the-art operation patterns of SAWH systems,incorporating intermittent,daytime continuous and 24-hour continuous patterns,are examined.Furthermore,current challenges and future research goals of this cutting-edge field are outlined.This review highlights the irreplaceable role of heat and mass transfer enhancement and facile structural improvement for constructing high-yield water harvesters.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
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    Separator designs for aqueous zinc-ion batteries

    Bin LiYou ZengWeisong ZhangBingan Lu...
    688-703页
    查看更多>>摘要：Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are attracting worldwide attention due to their multiple merits such as extreme safety,low cost,feasible assembly,and environmentally friendly enabled by water-based electrolytes.At present,AZIBs have experienced systematic advances in battery components including cathode,anode,and electrolyte,whereas research involving separators is insufficient.The separator is the crucial component of AZIBs through providing ion transport,forming contact with electrodes,serving as a container for electrolyte,and ensuring the efficient battery operation.Considering this great yet ignored significance,it is timely to present the latest advances in design strategies,the systematic clas-sification and summary of separators.We summarize the separator optimization strategies mainly along two approaches including the modification of the frequently used glass fiber and the exploitation of new separators.The advantages and disadvantages of the two strategies are analyzed from the material types and the characteristics of different strategies.The effects and mechanisms of various materials on regu-lating the uniform migration and deposition of Zn2+,balancing the excessively concentrated nucleation points,inhibiting the growth of dendrites,and the occurrence of side reactions were discussed using con-finement,electric field regulation,ion interaction force,desolvation,etc.Finally,potential directions for further improvement and development of AZIBs separators are proposed,aiming at providing helpful guidance for this booming field.
      原文链接:
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